Children's Responses to Group-Based Inequalities: Perpetuation and Rectification.
Children's Responses to Group-Based Inequalities: Perpetuation and Rectification.
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DOI：
10.1521/soco.2011.29.3.270
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Banaji MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olson KR;Dweck CS;Spelke ES;Banaji MR
当前的研究调查了儿童在向不同社会群体分配资源时是否以及在什么条件下会发生系统延续和系统削弱行为。在三项研究中，我们向幼儿提供了社会群体不平等的证据，并评估了他们是否选择延续或纠正这些不平等。儿童（3.5-11.5 岁）听说过两个社会群体（即种族或新奇群体），其成员获得的资源不平等（两块饼干与一块饼干）。然后，参与者有机会向同一群体的新成员分配额外资源。在实验1中，当儿童面临涉及黑人和白人群体的不平等时，年龄较大的儿童（7.5-11.5岁）拒绝现状，为资源较少的群体成员（白人或黑人）提供更多资源，而年龄较小的儿童（3.5-7.5岁）则维持现状。在实验 2 和 3 中，不平等涉及亚洲人和白人以及新群体。所有年龄段的儿童都使不平等长期存在，只有年龄较大的儿童并且只有当黑人目标参与不平等时才采用纠正策略。平等分享偶尔会发生在年龄较大的孩子身上，但从来都不是一种常见的反应。这些发现提供的证据表明，系统延续倾向可能在儿童中占主导地位，并表明社会化可能是对抗这种倾向所必需的。
The current studies investigate whether, and under what conditions, children engage in system-perpetuating and system-attenuating behaviors when allocating resources to different social groups. In three studies, we presented young children with evidence of social group inequalities and assessed whether they chose to perpetuate or rectify these inequalities. Children (aged 3.5–11.5 years) heard about two social groups (i.e., racial or novel groups) whose members received resources unequally(two cookies versus one). Participants were then given the opportunity to distribute additional resources to new members of the same groups. In Experiment 1, when children were presented with inequalities involving groups of Blacks and Whites, older children (aged 7.5–11.5 years) rejected the status quo, providing more resources to members of groups with fewer resources (White or Black), whereas younger children (aged 3.5–7.5 years) perpetuated the status quo. In Experiments 2 and 3, the inequalities involved Asians and Whites and novel groups. Children of all ages perpetuated inequality, with rectification strategies applied only by older children and only when Black targets were involved in the inequality. Equal sharing occasionally occurred in older children but was never a common response. These findings provide evidence that system-perpetuating tendencies may be predominant in children and suggest that socialization may be necessary to counter them.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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