Structural basis for inhibition of the drug efflux pump NorA from Staphylococcus aureus.

Structural basis for inhibition of the drug efflux pump NorA from Staphylococcus aureus.
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抑制金黄色葡萄球菌药物外排泵NorA的结构基础。

DOI:
10.1038/s41589-022-00994-9
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发表时间:
2022-07
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Traaseth NJ
Traaseth NJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brawley DN;Sauer DB;Li J;Zheng X;Koide A;Jedhe GS;Suwatthee T;Song J;Liu Z;Arora PS;Koide S;Torres VJ;Wang DN;Traaseth NJ

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膜蛋白外排泵通过挤出结构不同的化合物并降低它们的细胞内浓度来增强抗生素耐药性。然而,目前还没有临床批准的药物来抑制外排泵,这种药物可以增强现有抗生素的疗效,这些抗生素因药物外排而失效。在这里,我们识别了合成的抗原结合片段(Fabs),它抑制了耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)中的喹诺酮类转运蛋白NorA。用冷冻电子显微镜测定了两个Nora-Fab络合物的结构,发现一个Fab环深深地插入到Nora的底物结合口袋中。该环上的一个精氨酸残基与两个相邻的天冬氨酸和谷氨酸残基相互作用,这是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌对NorA介导的抗生素耐药性所必需的。模拟Fab环的多肽与抗生素诺氟沙星联合使用,以亚微摩尔的效力抑制NorA,并抑制MRSA的生长。这些发现建立了一类多肽抑制剂,通过靶向NorA中不可或缺的残基来阻止MRSA中的抗生素外流,而不需要膜通透性。
Membrane protein efflux pumps confer antibiotic resistance by extruding structurally distinct compounds and lowering their intracellular concentration. Yet there are no clinically approved drugs to inhibit efflux pumps, which would potentiate the efficacy of existing antibiotics rendered ineffective by drug efflux. Here we identified synthetic antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) that inhibit the quinolone transporter NorA from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Structures of two NorA-Fab complexes determined using cryo-electron microscopy reveal a Fab loop deeply inserted in the substrate binding pocket of NorA. An arginine residue on this loop interacts with two neighboring aspartate and glutamate residues essential for NorA-mediated antibiotic resistance in MRSA. Peptide mimics of the Fab loop inhibit NorA with sub-micromolar potency and ablate MRSA growth in combination with the antibiotic norfloxacin. These findings establish a class of peptide inhibitors that block antibiotic efflux in MRSA by targeting indispensable residues in NorA without the need for membrane permeability.
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