Neurocognitive and behavioral predictors of social problems in ADHD: A Bayesian framework.
Neurocognitive and behavioral predictors of social problems in ADHD: A Bayesian framework.
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DOI：
10.1037/neu0000416
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Sarver DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kofler MJ;Harmon SL;Aduen PA;Day TN;Austin KE;Spiegel JA;Irwin L;Sarver DE
社交问题是ADHD儿童功能障碍的一个关键领域，越来越多的证据表明，执行功能障碍是ADHD相关社交功能障碍的潜在机制。然而，关于神经认知能力对这些关系的解释，证据是混杂的。有ADHD （n=77）和无ADHD （n=40）的117名8-13岁儿童（M=10.45， SD=1.53； 43名女孩；69.5%白人/非西班牙裔）接受了多项神经认知功能平衡测试，并通过多信息来源报告评估了社交技能。贝叶斯线性回归显示，工作记忆和交叉信息干扰行为（注意力不集中、多动/冲动）是家长和教师报告的社会问题的预测因子。根据家长和/或老师的报告，工作记忆还与社交技能习得缺陷、表现缺陷和优势有关；在所有模型中，注意力不集中和/或多动症与交叉信息社会问题表现出强烈的对应关系。没有证据支持抑制控制和处理速度的影响，在大多数模型中有强有力的证据反对。与非ADHD组相比，ADHD组在社交技能（d= 0.82-0.88）、视觉空间工作记忆（d=0.89）和语音工作记忆（d=0.58）方面受损。相比之下，贝叶斯方差分析表明，ADHD组和非ADHD组在处理速度、智商、年龄、性别和社会地位方面是相同的。没有支持或反对抑制的群体差异。这些发现证实ADHD与社交表现受损有关，并暗示工作记忆和核心ADHD症状与社交技能行为的获得和表现有关。
Social problems are a key area of functional impairment for children with ADHD, and converging evidence points to executive dysfunction as a potential mechanism underlying ADHD-related social dysfunction. The evidence is mixed, however, with regard to which neurocognitive abilities account for these relations. A well-characterized group of 117 children ages 8–13 (M=10.45, SD=1.53; 43 girls; 69.5% Caucasian/Non-Hispanic) with ADHD (n=77) and without ADHD (n=40) were administered multiple, counterbalanced tests of neurocognitive functioning and assessed for social skills via multi-informant reports. Bayesian linear regressions revealed strong support for working memory and cross-informant interfering behaviors (inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity) as predictors of parent- and teacher-reported social problems. Working memory was also implicated in social skills acquisition deficits, performance deficits, and strengths based on parent and/or teacher report; inattention and/or hyperactivity showed strong correspondence with cross-informant social problems in all models. There was no evidence for, and in most models strong evidence against, effects of inhibitory control and processing speed. The ADHD group was impaired relative to the non-ADHD group on social skills (d=0.82–0.88), visuospatial working memory (d=0.89), and phonological working memory (d=0.58). In contrast, the Bayesian ANOVAs indicated that the ADHD and Non-ADHD groups were equivalent on processing speed, IQ, age, gender, and SES. There was no support for or against group differences in inhibition. These findings confirm that ADHD is associated with impaired social performance, and implicate working memory and core ADHD symptoms in the acquisition and performance of socially-skilled behavior.
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影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Gresham, Frank M.;Elliott, Stephen N.;Kettler, Ryan J.
通讯作者：
Kettler, Ryan J.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Hilton, Dane C.;Jarrett, Matthew A.;Ollendick, Thomas H.
通讯作者：
Ollendick, Thomas H.
DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2013.850700
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53
影响因子：
--
作者：
Evans SW;Owens JS;Bunford N
通讯作者：
Bunford N
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hogarty, KY;Hines, CV;Mumford, KR
通讯作者：
Mumford, KR
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Engle, RW;Tuholski, SW;Conway, ARA
通讯作者：
Conway, ARA