Impartial third-party interventions in captive chimpanzees: a reflection of community concern.
Impartial third-party interventions in captive chimpanzees: a reflection of community concern.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0032494
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
van Schaik CP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Rohr CR;Koski SE;Burkart JM;Caws C;Fraser ON;Ziltener A;van Schaik CP
由于社会群体成员之间的冲突是不可避免的，他们的管理是群体稳定的关键。最罕见和最有趣的冲突管理形式是警务，即，旁观者的公正干预，由于其潜在的道德性质，这是相当感兴趣的。在这里，我们提供了描述性和定量的数据在圈养黑猩猩警务。首先，我们报告的一个俘虏组的特点是最近推出的女性和两个男性之间的排名逆转的警务率高。探讨了各种因素对警情发生的影响。结果表明，只有阿尔法和贝塔男性充当仲裁者使用多种策略来控制冲突，他们的干预强烈依赖于冲突的复杂性。其次，我们比较了其他三个圈养黑猩猩群体的警务模式。我们发现，虽然罕见的，警务是更普遍的时候，社会不稳定性增加，无论是高级别的男性和女性执行警务，和冲突的所有性别二元组合的警务。这些结果表明，警务的主要功能是增加群体的稳定性。因此，它可能反映了基于“社区关切”的亲社会行为。然而，维持治安仍然是一种罕见的行为，需要更多的数据来检验这一假设的普遍性。
Because conflicts among social group members are inevitable, their management is crucial for group stability. The rarest and most interesting form of conflict management is policing, i.e., impartial interventions by bystanders, which is of considerable interest due to its potentially moral nature. Here, we provide descriptive and quantitative data on policing in captive chimpanzees. First, we report on a high rate of policing in one captive group characterized by recently introduced females and a rank reversal between two males. We explored the influence of various factors on the occurrence of policing. The results show that only the alpha and beta males acted as arbitrators using manifold tactics to control conflicts, and that their interventions strongly depended on conflict complexity. Secondly, we compared the policing patterns in three other captive chimpanzee groups. We found that although rare, policing was more prevalent at times of increased social instability, both high-ranking males and females performed policing, and conflicts of all sex-dyad combinations were policed. These results suggest that the primary function of policing is to increase group stability. It may thus reflect prosocial behaviour based upon “community concern.” However, policing remains a rare behaviour and more data are needed to test the generality of this hypothesis.
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影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Arnold, Todd W.
通讯作者：
Arnold, Todd W.
DOI：
10.1016/0162-3095(84)90004-9
发表时间：
1984-01-01
期刊：
ETHOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
DEWAAL, FBM
通讯作者：
DEWAAL, FBM
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
AKAIKE, H
通讯作者：
AKAIKE, H
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
ALTMANN, J
通讯作者：
ALTMANN, J
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Cirulli, Francesca;Francia, Nadia;Berry, Alessandra;Aloe, Luigi;Alleva, Enrico;Suomi, Stephen J.
通讯作者：
Suomi, Stephen J.