A tale of two cities: stigma and health outcomes among people with HIV who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia and Kohtla-Järve, Estonia.
A tale of two cities: stigma and health outcomes among people with HIV who inject drugs in St. Petersburg, Russia and Kohtla-Järve, Estonia.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.02.018
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发表时间：
2015-04
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Heimer, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burke, Sara E.;Calabrese, Sarah K.;Dovidio, John F.;Levina, Olga S.;Uuskuella, Anneli;Niccolai, Linda M.;Abel-Ollo, Katri;Heimer, Robert
关键词：
污名化的经历往往与消极的精神和身体健康结果有关。目前的工作测试了爱沙尼亚Kohtla-Järve和俄罗斯圣彼得堡注射毒品的艾滋病毒感染者的耻辱与健康相关结果之间的关系。这两个城市是撒哈拉以南非洲以外艾滋病毒感染率最高的城市之一，主要原因是注射吸毒，但爱沙尼亚更全面地实施了减少危害服务。使用应答者驱动的抽样方法招募注射吸毒者；那些表明艾滋病毒阳性的人被包括在目前的样本中（圣彼得堡的n=381； Kohtla-Järve的n=288）。参与者报告了他们的健康信息，并完成了内化艾滋病毒耻辱、预期艾滋病毒耻辱、内化药物耻辱和预期药物耻辱的测量。这两个地区的参与者都表示，所有四种形式的耻辱程度相似。然而，在俄罗斯，与爱沙尼亚相比，耻辱变量与健康结果的关系更为密切。圣彼得堡的研究结果与先前将耻辱与健康联系起来的工作一致。Kohtla-Järve较低的护理障碍可能有助于解释为什么社会耻辱与那里的负面健康结果没有密切联系。讨论了干预措施和卫生政策的影响。
Experiences of stigma are often associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes. The present work tested the associations between stigma and health-related outcomes among people with HIV who inject drugs in Kohtla-Järve, Estonia and St. Petersburg, Russia. These two cities share some of the highest rates of HIV outside of sub-Saharan Africa, largely driven by injection drug use, but Estonia has implemented harm reduction services more comprehensively. People who inject drugs were recruited using respondent-driven sampling; those who indicated being HIV-positive were included in the present sample (n=381 in St. Petersburg; n=288 in Kohtla-Järve). Participants reported their health information and completed measures of internalized HIV stigma, anticipated HIV stigma, internalized drug stigma, and anticipated drug stigma. Participants in both locations indicated similarly high levels of all four forms of stigma. However, stigma variables were more strongly associated with health outcomes in Russia than in Estonia. The St. Petersburg results were consistent with prior work linking stigma and health. Lower barriers to care in Kohtla-Järve may help explain why social stigma was not closely tied to negative health outcomes there. Implications for interventions and health policy are discussed.
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DOI：
10.3109/00952990.2012.673664
发表时间：
2012-11
期刊：
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse
影响因子：
--
作者：
Crawford ND;Rudolph AE;Jones K;Fuller C
通讯作者：
Fuller C
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Bobrova, Natalia;Rhodes, Tim;Maksimova, Svetlana
通讯作者：
Maksimova, Svetlana
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CRANDALL, CS
通讯作者：
CRANDALL, CS
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Des Jarlais DC;Perlis TE;Stimson GV;Poznyak V;WHO Phase II Drug Injection Collaborative Study Group
通讯作者：
WHO Phase II Drug Injection Collaborative Study Group
DOI：
10.1080/13548500600595327
发表时间：
2006-08-01
期刊：
Psychology, health & medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Heijnders, Miriam;Van Der Meij, Suzanne
通讯作者：
Van Der Meij, Suzanne