Facultative heterochromatin formation in rDNA is essential for cell survival during nutritional starvation.

Facultative heterochromatin formation in rDNA is essential for cell survival during nutritional starvation.
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rDNA中兼性异染色质的形成对于营养饥饿期间的细胞存活是必不可少的。

DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkac175
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发表时间:
2022-04-22
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Ohta, Kunihiro
Ohta, Kunihiro
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hirai, Hayato;Takemata, Naomichi;Tamura, Miki;Ohta, Kunihiro

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在细胞对营养饥饿的适应过程中,细胞暂时减慢翻译过程,包括核糖体生物合成。然而,从核糖体基因簇(rDNA)抑制鲁棒基因表达的机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明,面临葡萄糖饥饿的裂殖酵母细胞组装rDNA中的兼性异染色质,导致其转录抑制。葡萄糖饥饿诱导ATF/CREB家族蛋白Atf 1从rDNA快速解离,其中又募集组蛋白伴侣FACT以促进H3 K9甲基化和异染色质化。我们还确定了组蛋白乙酰转移酶Gcn 5作为一个阻遏物的rDNA异染色质在富含葡萄糖的条件下,这种蛋白质从rDNA葡萄糖饥饿时解离。rDNA中兼性异染色质的形成需要组蛋白去乙酰化酶Clr 3以及RNAi依赖性和非依赖性基因沉默途径。这在适应饥饿中是必不可少的,因为rDNA中缺乏异染色质形成的突变体导致葡萄糖饥饿期间的过早细胞死亡。
During the cellular adaptation to nutrient starvation, cells temporarily decelerate translation processes including ribosomal biogenesis. However, the mechanisms repressing robust gene expression from the ribosomal gene cluster (rDNA) are unclear. Here, we demonstrate that fission yeast cells facing glucose starvation assemble facultative heterochromatin in rDNA leading to its transcriptional repression. Glucose starvation induces quick dissociation of the ATF/CREB-family protein Atf1 from rDNA, where in turn the histone chaperone FACT is recruited to promote H3K9 methylation and heterochromatinization. We also identify the histone acetyltransferase Gcn5 as a repressor of rDNA heterochromatinization in glucose-rich conditions, and this protein dissociates from rDNA upon glucose starvation. Facultative heterochromatin formation in rDNA requires histone deacetylases Clr3 and both the RNAi-dependent and -independent gene silencing pathways. This is essential in adaptation to starvation since mutants lacking heterochromatin formation in rDNA lead to untimely cell death during glucose starvation.
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