The genetics of circadian rhythms, sleep and health.
The genetics of circadian rhythms, sleep and health.
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DOI：
10.1093/hmg/ddx240
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Foster RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jagannath A;Taylor L;Wakaf Z;Vasudevan SR;Foster RG
昼夜节律是由分子钟产生的生理和行为中的24小时节律，其用于协调内部时间与外部世界。昼夜节律系统是几乎所有生理学的主要调节器，其中断对健康有重大影响。睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱（SCRD）是当今24/7社会的普遍特征，对轮班工人的研究表明，SCRD不仅会导致认知障碍，还会导致代谢综合征和精神疾病，包括抑郁症。时钟突变的小鼠模型重现了这些缺陷，暗示了SCRD和疾病病理生理学之间的机制和因果关系。重要的是，治疗生物钟中断可以逆转和减弱动物模型中的这些不良健康状态，从而将昼夜节律系统确立为一种新的治疗靶点。值得注意的是，最近全基因组关联研究（GWAS）在睡眠，精神健康和代谢紊乱的病因学中发现了昼夜节律和时钟控制的基因突变。这篇评论将集中在睡眠和健康的昼夜节律的遗传学。
Circadian rhythms are 24-h rhythms in physiology and behaviour generated by molecular clocks, which serve to coordinate internal time with the external world. The circadian system is a master regulator of nearly all physiology and its disruption has major consequences on health. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption (SCRD) is a ubiquitous feature in today’s 24/7 society, and studies on shift-workers have shown that SCRD can lead not only to cognitive impairment, but also metabolic syndrome and psychiatric illness including depression. Mouse models of clock mutants recapitulate these deficits, implicating mechanistic and causal links between SCRD and disease pathophysiology. Importantly, treating clock disruption reverses and attenuates these adverse health states in animal models, thus establishing the circadian system as a novel therapeutic target. Significantly, circadian and clock-controlled gene mutations have recently been identified by Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) in the aetiology of sleep, mental health and metabolic disorders. This review will focus upon the genetics of circadian rhythms in sleep and health.
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