Assessment of the climate preparedness of 30 urban areas in the UK
Assessment of the climate preparedness of 30 urban areas in the UK
复制标题
英国 30 个城市地区的气候准备评估
DOI：
10.1007/s10584-013-0846-9
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Heidrich O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heidrich O
城市越来越意识到需要减少温室气体排放并适应气候模式的变化，从而产生城市气候变化计划。现有的对这些计划的少数系统研究集中在适应或缓解问题上，通常基于市政官员完成的调查，而不是对书面证据的分析。为了深入了解英国各地适应和缓解行动的状况，分析了来自30个城市地区(约占英国人口的28%)的气候变化文件。为了进行比较分析，已经设计了一种城市气候变化准备评分，该评分可以应用于英国以外的其他城市地区。这一分析的特点是在适应和缓解方面相对于(一)评估、(二)规划、(三)行动和(四)监测取得的进展。防备得分允许对所分析的城市地区的气候变化战略进行量化比较。这种方法可以推广到其他国家，并使对城市地区及其气候变化适应和缓解计划进行国际比较成为可能。我们发现，所有地区都承认气候变化是一种威胁，需要制定适应和缓解措施的规划和行动。然而，有两个城市地区没有正式的适应或缓解计划。通常，所有城市的缓解活动都比适应计划更先进。减排目标从10%到80%不等，定义和实现这些目标的基线、时间框架和范围不同。在适应计划中也观察到类似的可变性。我们考虑了这些差异的几个原因，但特别值得注意的是，激励和监管的结合似乎在许多城市地区刺激了更全面的战略和行动。
Cities are increasingly aware of the need to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to changes in weather patterns leading to the production of urban climate change plans. The few existing systematic studies of these plans have focused on either adaptation or mitigation issues, and are typically based on surveys completed by city officials rather than analysis of documented evidence. To gain insight into the status of adaptation and mitigation action across the UK, climate change documents from 30 urban areas (representing ~28 % of the UK’s population) were analysed. An Urban Climate Change Preparedness Score, which could be applied to other urban areas outside the UK, has been devised for comparative analysis. This analysis characterizes progress against (i) Assessment, (ii) Planning, (iii) Action, and (iv) Monitoring, for both adaptation and mitigation. The Preparedness Score allows a quantitative comparison of climate change strategies across the urban areas analysed. This methodology can be transferred to other countries and makes an international comparison of urban areas and their climate change adaptation and mitigation plans possible. We found that all areas acknowledge climate change being a threat and that adaptation and mitigation planning and action is required. However, two urban areas did not have official adaptation or mitigation plans. Typically, mitigation activities across all cities were more advanced than adaptation plans. Emissions reduction targets ranged from 10 %–80 % with differing baselines, timeframes and scopes, for defining and meeting these targets. Similar variability was observed across adaptation plans. Several reasons for these differences are considered, but particularly notable is that a combination of incentives and regulation seem to stimulate more comprehensive strategies and action in many urban areas.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Richard J. T. Klein;R. Nicholls;S. Ragoonaden;M. Capobianco;J. Aston;E. N. Buckley
通讯作者：
Richard J. T. Klein;R. Nicholls;S. Ragoonaden;M. Capobianco;J. Aston;E. N. Buckley
气候变化适应：利用 ISO 9001、ISO 14001、BS 25999 和 BS 31100 适应气候风险
DOI：
10.3403/9780580698606
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
Low carbon economy
影响因子：
--
作者：
K. Johnstone;A. Moczarski
通讯作者：
A. Moczarski
英国地方当局地区的气候变化绩效衡量、控制和问责
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ericka Costa
通讯作者：
Ericka Costa
气候变化行动计划
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. Clinton;A. Gore
通讯作者：
A. Gore
从议程转向行动：评估当地气候变化行动计划
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Zhenghong Tang;S. Brody;Courtney Quinn;L. Chang;T. Wei
通讯作者：
T. Wei