Expression cloning of TMEM16A as a calcium-activated chloride channel subunit.

Expression cloning of TMEM16A as a calcium-activated chloride channel subunit.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2008.09.003
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发表时间:
2008-09-19
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Jan LY
Jan LY
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schroeder BC;Cheng T;Jan YN;Jan LY

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钙激活氯离子通道(CaCCs)是感觉转导、上皮分泌和平滑肌收缩的主要调节因子。CaCCs的其他关键作用包括轮藻属藻类中动作电位的产生以及防止蛙卵母细胞膜的多精受精。已知的分子候选物都不具备天然细胞中大多数CaCCs的特性。利用美西螈卵母细胞作为表达系统,我们已将跨膜蛋白16A(TMEM16A)鉴定为非洲爪蟾卵母细胞的CaCC。“功能未知的跨膜蛋白”TMEM16家族在真核生物中是保守的,其家族成员与气管软化(小鼠TMEM16A)、颌骨干骺端发育不良(人TMEM16E)、X染色体异常分离(一种果蝇TMEM16家族成员)以及耐钠性增加(酵母TMEM16)有关。此外,小鼠TMEM16A和TMEM16B在美西螈卵母细胞和哺乳动物HEK293细胞中产生CaCCs,并重现了广泛的CaCC表达。这一新的离子通道家族的鉴定可能有助于开发用于治疗包括高血压和囊性纤维化等疾病的CaCC调节剂。
Calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs) are major regulators of sensory transduction, epithelial secretion and smooth muscle contraction. Other crucial roles of CaCCs include action potential generation in Characean algae and prevention of polyspermia in frog oocyte membrane. None of the known molecular candidates share properties characteristic of most CaCCs in native cells. Using Axolotl oocytes as expression system, we have identified TMEM16A as the Xenopus oocyte CaCC. The TMEM16 family of “transmembrane proteins with unknown function” is conserved among eukaryotes, with family members linked to tracheomalacia (mouse TMEM16A), gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (human TMEM16E), aberrant X segregation (a Drosophila TMEM16 family member) and increased sodium tolerance (yeast TMEM16). Moreover, mouse TMEM16A and TMEM16B yield CaCCs in Axolotl oocytes and mammalian HEK293 cells, and recapitulate the broad CaCC expression. The identification of this new family of ion channels may help the development of CaCC modulators for treating diseases including hypertension and cystic fibrosis.
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