Non-proteolytic functions of calpain-3 in sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscles.

Non-proteolytic functions of calpain-3 in sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscles.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2011.01.057
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发表时间:
2011-04-01
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Sorimachi H
Sorimachi H
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ojima K;Ono Y;Ottenheijm C;Hata S;Suzuki H;Granzier H;Sorimachi H

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编码骨骼肌特异性钙蛋白酶 -3/p94蛋白酶的CAPN3/Capn3发生突变会导致2A型肢带型肌营养不良症(LGMD2A)。我们利用“基因敲入”(称为Capn3CS/CS)小鼠进行研究,在这种小鼠中,内源性钙蛋白酶 -3被一种突变的钙蛋白酶 -3(C129S)所替代,该突变体虽无蛋白水解活性但结构完整。我们之前的研究表明,钙蛋白酶 -3蛋白酶活性的丧失会导致肌营养不良。然而,与Capn3基因缺失(Capn3−/−)小鼠相比,Capn3CS/CS小鼠表现出的营养不良症状较轻。这表明钙蛋白酶 -3还具有非蛋白水解功能。本研究旨在通过比较Capn3CS/CS小鼠和Capn3−/−小鼠来阐明钙蛋白酶 -3的非蛋白酶功能。我们发现钙蛋白酶 -3是肌浆网(SR)的一个组成部分,它与兰尼碱受体和集钙蛋白等典型的肌浆网成分相互作用,但不会对其进行蛋白水解。此外,Capn3CS/CS小鼠表明,在肌肉收缩过程中,钙蛋白酶 -3的非酶促作用对于肌浆网向细胞质的钙离子正常外流是必需的。这些结果表明,钙蛋白酶 -3在肌浆网中作为钙离子外流机制的一种非酶促元件发挥作用,而非作为一种蛋白酶。因此,钙蛋白酶 -3非酶促功能的缺陷也必然参与了LGMD2A的发病机制。
Mutations in CAPN3/Capn3, which codes for skeletal muscle-specific calpain-3/p94 protease, are responsible for limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A). Using “knock-in” (referred to as Capn3CS/CS) mice, in which the endogenous calpain-3 is replaced with a mutant calpain-3:C129S, that is proteolytically inactive but structurally intact calpain-3, our previous studies demonstrated that loss of calpain-3 protease activity caused muscular dystrophy. However, compared to Capn3 null (Capn3−/−) mice, Capn3CS/CS mice showed less severe dystrophic symptoms. This suggests that calpain-3 also has a non-proteolytic function. This study aimed to elucidate non-protease calpain-3 functions, by comparison of Capn3CS/CS mice with Capn3−/− mice. We found that calpain-3 is a component of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), and that calpain-3 interacts with, but does not proteolyze, typical SR components such as ryanodine receptor and calsequestrin. Furthermore, Capn3CS/CS mice showed that the non-enzymatic role of calpain-3 is required for proper Ca2+ efflux from the SR to cytosol during contraction of muscles. These results indicate that calpain-3 functions as a non-enzymatic element for the Ca2+ efflux machinery in the SR rather than as a protease. Thus, defects of the non-enzymatic function of calpain-3 must also be involved in pathogenesis of LGMD2A.
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