Diverse organization of voltage-gated calcium channels at presynaptic active zones.

Diverse organization of voltage-gated calcium channels at presynaptic active zones.
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突触前活动区电压门控钙通道的多样化组织。

DOI:
10.3389/fnsyn.2022.1023256
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Luo, Fujun
Luo, Fujun
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang, Weijia;Jiang, He-Hai;Luo, Fujun

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突触组织严密,但其组织和属性也高度多样化,可以优化大脑回路的计算能力。沿着这些思路,突触前活动区的电压门控钙(CaV)通道是异质组织的,这产生了各种钙动力学特征,可以塑造单个突触的神经递质释放特性。广泛的研究揭示了 CaV 通道的亚型、数量和分布以及与对接突触小泡的纳米级拓扑关系的惊人多样性。此外,协调突触前活性区 CaV 通道的不同组织需要包括 RIM、RIM 结合蛋白、CAST/ELKS 和神经毒素在内的多蛋白复合物。在这篇综述中,我们重点介绍了突触前 CaV 通道功能组织研究的主要进展,并讨论了它们对突触传递和短期可塑性的生理影响。
Synapses are highly organized but are also highly diverse in their organization and properties to allow for optimizing the computing power of brain circuits. Along these lines, voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels at the presynaptic active zone are heterogeneously organized, which creates a variety of calcium dynamics profiles that can shape neurotransmitter release properties of individual synapses. Extensive studies have revealed striking diversity in the subtype, number, and distribution of CaV channels, as well as the nanoscale topographic relationships to docked synaptic vesicles. Further, multi-protein complexes including RIMs, RIM-binding proteins, CAST/ELKS, and neurexins are required for coordinating the diverse organization of CaV channels at the presynaptic active zone. In this review, we highlight major advances in the studies of the functional organization of presynaptic CaV channels and discuss their physiological implications for synaptic transmission and short-term plasticity.
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