Altered frontal cortical volume and decision making in adolescent cannabis users.
Altered frontal cortical volume and decision making in adolescent cannabis users.
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青少年大麻使用者的额叶皮质量和决策改变了。
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00225
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yurgelun-Todd DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Churchwell JC;Lopez-Larson M;Yurgelun-Todd DA
预测未来结果是决策的核心，未能考虑长期后果可能会导致冲动的选择。青春期是一个脆弱的时期，在此期间，不发达的前额叶皮质系统可能会导致判断力差，冲动的选择和药物滥用。相反，在此期间滥用药物可能会改变参与决策的神经系统，并导致更大的冲动。虽然支持决策的广泛神经网络在青少年发展过程中经历了广泛的变化，但其中一个可能至关重要的区域是内侧前额叶皮层。该区域功能完整性的改变可能与奖赏感知、药物滥用和依赖性有关。在本研究中，我们使用3T Siemens Trio扫描仪从18名大麻滥用青少年（CA; 2名女性和16名男性受试者;平均年龄，17.7岁;范围16 - 19岁）和18名健康对照（HC; 6名女性和12名男性受试者;平均年龄，17.2岁;范围16 - 19岁）获得结构磁共振图像（MRI）。为了测量与药物滥用和冲动相关的内侧眶前额叶皮质（moPFC）形态，使用FreeSurfer进行MRI的半自动皮质重建和体积分割。用Barratt冲动量表（BIS）评价冲动性。我们的研究结果表明，大麻滥用青少年与对照组相比，右moPFC体积减少，p = 0.01，d = 0.92，CI 0.95 = 0.21，1.59。与对照组相比，大麻滥用青少年也表现出未来定向力下降，如BIS非计划子量表所示，p = 0.01，d = 0.89，CI 0.95 = 0.23，1.55。此外，moPFC总体积与首次使用年龄正相关r（18）= 0.49，p <0.03，表明该区域的改变可能与开始使用大麻有关，或者早期开始使用可能导致moPFC体积减少。
Anticipating future outcomes is central to decision making and a failure to consider long-term consequences may lead to impulsive choices. Adolescence is a vulnerable period during which underdeveloped prefrontal cortical systems may contribute to poor judgment, impulsive choices, and substance abuse. Conversely, substance abuse during this period may alter neural systems involved in decision making and lead to greater impulsivity. Although a broad neural network which supports decision making undergoes extensive change during adolescent development, one region that may be critical is the medial prefrontal cortex. Altered functional integrity of this region may be specifically related to reward perception, substance abuse, and dependence. In the present investigation, we acquired structural magnetic resonance images (MRI), using a 3T Siemens Trio scanner, from 18 cannabis abusing adolescents (CA; 2 female and 16 male subjects; mean age, 17.7 years; range 16–19 years), and 18 healthy controls (HC; 6 female and 12 male subjects; mean age, 17.2 years; range 16–19 years). In order to measure medial orbital prefrontal cortex (moPFC) morphology related to substance abuse and impulsivity, semi-automated cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation of MRIs was performed with FreeSurfer. Impulsivity was evaluated with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). Our results indicate that cannabis abusing adolescents have decreased right moPFC volume compared to controls, p = 0.01, d = 0.92, CI0.95 = 0.21, 1.59. Cannabis abusing adolescents also show decreased future orientation, as indexed by the BIS non-planning subscale, when compared to controls, p = 0.01, d = 0.89, CI0.95 = 0.23, 1.55. Moreover, total moPFC volume was positively correlated with age of first use r (18) = 0.49, p < 0.03, suggesting that alterations in this region may be related to initiation of cannabis use or that early initiation may lead to reduced moPFC volume.
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影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Ellgren, M.;Artmann, A.;Tkalych, O.;Gupta, A.;Hansen, H. S.;Hansen, S. H.;Devi, L. A.;Hurd, Y. L.
通讯作者：
Hurd, Y. L.
影响因子：
14.5
作者：
Berlin, HA;Rolls, ET;Kischka, U
通讯作者：
Kischka, U
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Dale, AM;Fischl, B;Sereno, MI
通讯作者：
Sereno, MI
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Bjork, James M.;Momenan, Reza;Hommer, Daniel W.
通讯作者：
Hommer, Daniel W.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0903863106
发表时间：
2009-08-04
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Filbey, Francesca M.;Schacht, Joseph P.;Hutchison, Kent E.
通讯作者：
Hutchison, Kent E.