Advances in Innate Immunity to Overcome Immune Rejection during Xenotransplantation.
Advances in Innate Immunity to Overcome Immune Rejection during Xenotransplantation.
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作者：
移植是治疗终末期器官衰竭的有效方法。长期以来，人们一直对异种移植作为增加可用器官数量的一种手段感兴趣。在过去的十年中，由于快速基因编辑工具和免疫抑制疗法的发展，异种移植取得了巨大进展。最近，猪的心脏和肾脏被移植到受体体内，这表明异种移植已经进入了一个新时代。猪与灵长类动物之间的遗传差异和分子不相容性导致了异种移植的障碍。越来越多的证据表明，先天免疫反应在异种排斥反应的各个方面都起着重要作用。同时，重要的细胞成分，如巨噬细胞，自然杀伤（NK）细胞和中性粒细胞的作用，表明先天免疫反应在异种排斥反应不应被低估。在这里，我们总结了异种移植中先天免疫系统的现有知识，并强调了未来研究的关键问题。更好地了解异种移植中的先天免疫反应有助于控制异种移植排斥反应和设计最佳的联合治疗方案。
Transplantation is an effective approach for treating end-stage organ failure. There has been a long-standing interest in xenotransplantation as a means of increasing the number of available organs. In the past decade, there has been tremendous progress in xenotransplantation accelerated by the development of rapid gene-editing tools and immunosuppressive therapy. Recently, the heart and kidney from pigs were transplanted into the recipients, which suggests that xenotransplantation has entered a new era. The genetic discrepancy and molecular incompatibility between pigs and primates results in barriers to xenotransplantation. An increasing body of evidence suggests that innate immune responses play an important role in all aspects of the xenogeneic rejection. Simultaneously, the role of important cellular components like macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and neutrophils, suggests that the innate immune response in the xenogeneic rejection should not be underestimated. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about the innate immune system in xenotransplantation and highlight the key issues for future investigations. A better understanding of the innate immune responses in xenotransplantation may help to control the xenograft rejection and design optimal combination therapies.
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影响因子：
14
作者：
Bastian, Fabienne;Stelzmueller, Marie-Elisabeth;Weigel, Guenter
通讯作者：
Weigel, Guenter
DOI：
10.1038/nrneph.2016.41
发表时间：
2016-05
期刊：
Nature reviews. Nephrology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Braza F;Brouard S;Chadban S;Goldstein DR
通讯作者：
Goldstein DR
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Baumann, BC;Forte, P;Seebach, JD
通讯作者：
Seebach, JD
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Al-Mohanna, F;Saleh, S;Collison, K
通讯作者：
Collison, K
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Bottino, Rita;Knoll, Michael F.;Cooper, David K. C.
通讯作者：
Cooper, David K. C.