Histological changes during maturation in male and female cones of the cycad Zamia furfuracea and their significance in relation to pollination biology
Histological changes during maturation in male and female cones of the cycad Zamia furfuracea and their significance in relation to pollination biology
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苏铁 Zamia Furfuracea 雄性和雌性球果成熟过程中的组织学变化及其与授粉生物学的意义
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8339.1993.tb01901.x
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
D. Molsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Vovides;K. Norstog;Priscilla K. S. Fawcett;M. Duncan;R. Nash;D. Molsen
摘要对苏铁属植物--苏铁进行了研究。是由一种球茎甲虫授粉的，这种甲虫在苏铁的雄性球果中完成其生活史，并有效地为雌性球果授粉。雄性和雌性视锥实质内的成骨细胞似乎都含有有毒化合物，包括至少一种神经毒素2-氨基-3-(甲氨基)丙酸(BMAA)和一种有毒的糖苷-甲氧基甲醇-β-Primeveroside(宏扎明)。在整个花粉成熟过程中，雄球果中的异养细胞在结构上没有改变，取食象甲消耗了大量富含淀粉的小孢子叶薄壁组织，包括异育细胞。在这一活动中，雄性锥体成纤维细胞的形态或染色反应没有明显的变化。在接受花粉之前，雌性球果异型母细胞与雄性球果相似。此后，许多雌锥细胞在形态和内容上都发生了明显的变化，而不是象甲本身造成的。雌球果中异型细胞的变化可能与雌性球果资源抵御动物包括传粉象甲的捕食有关，并可能与毒素的动员有关。雄性球果内成纤维细胞中没有类似的形态变化与毒素隔离有关，使传粉者能够在没有中毒的情况下繁殖和取食。
Abstract The cycad Zamia furfuracea L. Fil. is pollinated by a curculionid beetle, Rhopalotria mollis Sharp which completes its life cycle in male cones of the cycad, and effectively pollinatcs female cones. ldioblasts within parenchyma in both male and female cones appear to contain toxic compounds, including at least one neurotoxin, 2-amino-3-(methylamino) propanoic acid (BMAA), and a toxic glycoside, methylazoxymethanol-β-primeveroside (macrozamin). Idioblasts appear structurally unmodified in male cones throughout the period of pollen maturation, and feeding weevils consume much of the starch-rich microsporophyll parenchyma tissue, including idioblasts. During this activity no appreciable change in morphology or staining reactions of male-cone idioblasts is detectable. Prior to pollen receptivity, female-cone idioblasts resemble those of male cones. Thereafter, many female-cone idioblasts show marked changes in morphology and content not caused by the weevils themselves. Idioblast changes in female cones are probably associated with the defence of female cone resources against predation by animals, including pollinating weevils, and may relate to mobilization of toxins. Absence of similar morphological changes in male-cone idioblasts is correlated with toxin sequestration, enabling the pollinator to breed and feed without intoxication.
β-N-甲氨基-L-丙氨酸神经毒性：需要碳酸氢盐作为辅助因子。
DOI：
10.1126/science.3136549
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Weiss,JH;Choi,DW
通讯作者：
Choi,DW