Recent development in PET instrumentation.
Recent development in PET instrumentation.
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DOI：
10.2174/138920110792246555
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Levin CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peng BH;Levin CS
正电子发射断层扫描(PET)被用于临床和活体小动物研究，以研究与癌症、心脏病和神经疾病等疾病相关的分子过程，并指导新疗法的发现和开发。本文综述了目前先进的PET技术所面临的挑战，以及一些新开发的PET探测器和系统。本文主要从四个方面对PET仪器进行了研究：高的光子探测灵敏度；改进的空间分辨率；相互作用深度(DOI)分辨率和飞行时间(TOF)。改进的系统几何结构、基于新型非闪烁体的探测器和锥形闪烁晶体阵列能够提高PET系统的光子探测灵敏度。讨论了用基于标准闪烁体的PET探测器实现高分辨率的几个挑战。具有三维定位能力的新型探测器，如镉锌碲化物(CZT)和位置敏感雪崩光电二极管(PSAPD)，在PET中具有巨大的潜力，可以实现优于1 mm的空间分辨率。DOI能力使PET系统能够减少视差误差，并在视场(FOV)内实现统一的空间分辨率。讨论了六种常见的DOI设计，以及每种设计的优点和局限性。LaBr3等快闪烁晶体和硅光电倍增管(SiPM)的问世极大地推动了TOF-PET的发展。简要介绍了临床试验的最新仪器和初步结果。如果成功，这些技术进步与新的探测分子一起，将大大提高PET的分子敏感性，从而增加其在临床前和临床研究以及临床评估和管理疾病中的作用。
Positron emission tomography (PET) is used in the clinic and in vivo small animal research to study molecular processes associated with diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders, and to guide the discovery and development of new treatments. This paper reviews current challenges of advancing PET technology and some of newly developed PET detectors and systems. The paper focuses on four aspects of PET instrumentation: high photon detection sensitivity; improved spatial resolution; depth-of-interaction (DOI) resolution and time-of-flight (TOF). Improved system geometry, novel non-scintillator based detectors, and tapered scintillation crystal arrays are able to enhance the photon detection sensitivity of a PET system. Several challenges for achieving high resolution with standard scintillator-based PET detectors are discussed. Novel detectors with 3-D positioning capability have great potential to be deployed in PET for achieving spatial resolution better than 1 mm, such as cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) and position-sensitive avalanche photodiodes (PSAPDs). DOI capability enables a PET system to mitigate parallax error and achieve uniform spatial resolution across the field-of-view (FOV). Six common DOI designs, as well as advantages and limitations of each design, are discussed. The availability of fast scintillation crystals such as LaBr3, and the silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) greatly advances TOF-PET development. Recent instrumentation and initial results of clinical trials are briefly presented. If successful, these technology advances, together with new probe molecules, will substantially enhance the molecular sensitivity of PET and thus increase its role in preclinical and clinical research as well as evaluating and managing disease in the clinic.
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影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Cao, F;Lin, S;Wu, JC
通讯作者：
Wu, JC
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
ANGER, HO
通讯作者：
ANGER, HO
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Fontaine, R;Bélanger, F;Lecomte, R
通讯作者：
Lecomte, R
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Cherry, SR;Shao, Y;Phelps, ME
通讯作者：
Phelps, ME
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Blasberg, RG;Tjuvajev, AG
通讯作者：
Tjuvajev, AG