COMPETITION BETWEEN LARVAE OF THE FIELD CRICKET, GRYLLUS BIMACULATUS (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE) AND ITS EFFECTS ON SOME LIFE-HISTORY COMPONENTS OF FITNESS
COMPETITION BETWEEN LARVAE OF THE FIELD CRICKET, GRYLLUS BIMACULATUS (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE) AND ITS EFFECTS ON SOME LIFE-HISTORY COMPONENTS OF FITNESS
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田蟋蟀幼虫（直翅目：蟋蟀科）之间的竞争及其对某些生活史健康成分的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Simmons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Simmons
研究了双斑蟋蟀（Gryllus bimaculatus）幼虫之间的竞争，以确定其行为基础和对未来成虫适合度的影响。(2)幼虫的竞争往往对比赛结束的最后争夺频谱。幼虫表现出明确的攻击行为，那些在竞争中成功的垄断了食物资源，导致少数个体以牺牲其他个体为代价获得较大的成年体重。(3)雌性在竞争中更成功，导致在竞争激烈时大小的两性异形。(4)死亡率表明，竞争导致稳定的种群动态，这是一种极端的结果。(5)对压力增加的适应性发育反应应该以牺牲不太重要的生命史成分为代价，保留对适应性最重要的生命史成分。在幼虫竞争的增加引起的压力减少，实现成人的身体大小和生存率下降，而发展速度保持不变，这表明一个更大的相对重要性的发展速度净健身。讨论了发展速度对适应度的重要性。
SUMMARY (1) Competition between larvae of the field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus, was investigated to determine its behavioural basis and consequences for future adult fitness. (2) Larval competition tended towards the contest end of the contest-scramble spectrum. Larvae showed well defined aggressive behaviours and those successful in competition monopolized access to food resources, resulting in a few individuals obtaining large adult weight at the expense of others. (3) Females were more successful in competition, resulting in a sexual dimorphism in size when competition was intense. (4) Mortality rates indicated a contest-type outcome of competition resulting in stable population dynamics. (5) Adaptive developmental responses to increased stress should preserve the lifehistory components most important to fitness at the expense of less critical ones. Stress induced by increases in larval competition caused reductions in realized adult body size and decreased survival while development speed was maintained, suggesting a greater relative importance of development speed to net fitness. The importance of development speed to fitness is discussed.
昆虫交配系统的进化
DOI：
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199678020.003.0004
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Ritchie M
通讯作者：
Ritchie M