Sea Breeze Geoengineering to Increase Rainfall over the Arabian Red Sea Coastal Plains
Sea Breeze Geoengineering to Increase Rainfall over the Arabian Red Sea Coastal Plains
复制标题
海风地球工程增加阿拉伯红海沿海平原的降雨量
DOI：
10.1175/jhm-d-20-0266.1
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
G. Stenchikov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suleiman Mostamandi;E. Predybaylo;S. Osipov;O. Zolina;S. Gulev;S. Parajuli;G. Stenchikov
红海（RS）的蒸发率很高，每年超过2米的水。海风将水蒸气从海岸线向陆地输送了200公里。RS附近的相对湿度在夏季超过80%。然而，降水量在大多数阿拉伯RS沿海平原稀少。在这项工作中，我们使用的天气研究和预报（WRF）区域模型来评估如何故意的变化（地球工程），在一个广阔的沿海平原地区的地表植被或转换的裸露土地阔叶林影响降水在阿拉伯RS海岸。我们的模拟表明，地球工程的陆地表面特征扰动沿海环流，改变温度，湿度和陆地表面和大气之间的动量交换，改变微风强度，云量，并最终降水量。我们发现，扩大造林和增加地表覆盖是没有有效的触发降雨RS沿海平原。相反，假设在沿海平原上安装太阳能电池板，将表面温度降低到0.2，将使表面空气温度增加1-2 K，加强海洋和陆地之间的水平表面温度差，加强微风，将3公里以上边界层中的水蒸气混合比增加约0.5 gkg-1，增强行星边界层内的垂直混合，并产生1.5 Gt的额外雨水，相当于500万人的年消耗量。因此，这种形式的区域陆地表面地球工程，沿着先进的方法收集和地下储存的淡水，提供了一个可行的解决方案，以减轻现有的水危机的干旱沿海地区。
The Red Sea (RS) has a high evaporation rate, exceeding 2 m of water per year. The water vapor is transported from the shorelines by sea breezes as far as 200 km landward. Relative humidity in the vicinity of the RS exceeds 80% in summer. Nevertheless, precipitation is scarce in most of the Arabian RS coastal plain. In this work we use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional model to assess how deliberate changes (geoengineering) in the surface albedo or convertion of bare land to wide-leaf forests over a vast coastal plain region affect precipitation over the Arabian RS coast. Our simulations show that geoengineering of land surface characteristics perturbs coastal circulation, alters temperature, moisture, and momentum exchange between the land surface and atmosphere, changes the breeze intensity, cloud cover, and eventually the amount of precipitation. We find that extended afforestation and increased surface albedo are not effective in triggering rainfall over the RS coastal plains. Conversely, decreasing surface albedo to 0.2 assuming installation of solar panels over the coastal plains, increases surface air temperature by 1-2 K, strengthens horizontal surface temperature differences between sea and land, intensifies breezes, increases water vapor mixing ratio in the boundary layer above 3 km by about 0.5 gkg−1, enhances vertical mixing within the Planetary Boundary Layer, and generates 1.5 Gt of extra rain water, equivalent to the annual consumption of five million people. Thus, this form of regional land-surface geoengineering, along with advanced methods of collection and underground storage of freshwater, provides a feasible solution to mitigation of the existing water crisis the arid coastal regions.
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Haywood, Jim M.;Jones, Andy;Stephenson, David
通讯作者：
Stephenson, David
通过表面纳米结构在砷化镓中实现宽带、广角减反射，用于太阳能电池应用
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Behera, Saraswati;Fry, Paul W.;Hopkinson, Mark
通讯作者：
Hopkinson, Mark