Marine Forearc Extension in the Hikurangi Margin: New Insights From High‐Resolution 3‐D Seismic Data

Marine Forearc Extension in the Hikurangi Margin: New Insights From High‐Resolution 3‐D Seismic Data
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Hikurangi 边缘的海洋弧前延伸:高分辨率 3D 地震数据的新见解

DOI:
10.1029/2017tc004906
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Krastel
Krastel
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Böttner;Geersen;Crutchley;Mountjoy;Krastel

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上板块正断层是侵蚀板块边缘普遍存在的构造单元。越来越多的海洋地球物理数据证明,类似的特征也存在于增长边缘,在那里水平挤压通常导致褶皱和逆冲断层。人们普遍缺乏对正断层对增生边缘构造和构造演化的作用和重要性的认识。在这里,我们使用高分辨率的二维和三维地震反射数据和导出的地震属性来绘制和分析新西兰Hikurangi边缘海相弧前的上板块正断层。我们记录了海洋前弧沿上大陆斜坡延伸到大片区域。地震成像的正断层显示出低的垂直位移、高的倾角、偏向陆地的倾向和经常的梯形图案。我们评估了可能导致观测到的伸展的不同过程,包括(1)地震循环期间的应力变化,(2)区域或局部抬升和深部浅层与挤压的脱钩,(3)地壳块体的旋转和块体边界产生的差异应力。结果表明,正断层在包括北希库兰吉弧前在内的增生边缘的构造演化中起着重要的作用。
Upper‐plate normal faults are a widespread structural element in erosive plate margins. Increasing coverage of marine geophysical data has proven that similar features also exist in accretionary margins where horizontal compression usually results in folding and thrust faulting. There is a general lack of understanding of the role and importance of normal faulting for the structural and tectonic evolution of accretionary margins. Here we use high‐resolution 2‐D and 3‐D seismic reflection data and derived seismic attributes to map and analyze upper‐plate normal faulting in the marine forearc of the accretionary Hikurangi margin, New Zealand. We document extension of the marine forearc over a wide area along the upper continental slope. The seismically imaged normal faults show low vertical displacements, high dip angles, a preference for landward dip, and often en echelon patterns. We evaluate different processes, which may cause the observed extension, including (1) stress change during the earthquake cycle, (2) regional or local uplift and decoupling of shallow strata from compression at depth, and (3) rotation of crustal blocks and resulting differential stresses at the block boundaries. The results suggest that normal faults play an important role in the structural and tectonic evolution of accretionary margins, including the northern Hikurangi forearc.
浅层气体和海底扩散过程中薄弱层的形成,Hikurangi 边缘(新西兰)
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20979-1_42
发表时间: 2016
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
Micallef;Mountjoy;Krastel;Crutchley
通讯作者: Crutchley
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.1987.0009
发表时间: 1987
期刊: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: R. Walcott
DOI: 10.1080/00288306.1998.9514813
发表时间: 1998
影响因子: 2.2
作者:
S. Beanland;J. Haines
通讯作者: J. Haines
第 9 节:地震速度
DOI: --
发表时间: 1966
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
F. Press
通讯作者: F. Press
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1998
期刊:
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作者:
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通讯作者: R. J. Fraser