Oxytocin: an emerging regulator of prolactin secretion in the female rat.
Oxytocin: an emerging regulator of prolactin secretion in the female rat.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2826.2011.02263.x
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发表时间：
2012-03
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
McKee DT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kennett JE;McKee DT
在雌性大鼠中，刺激性和抑制性下丘脑因子复杂的相互作用控制着催乳素的分泌。催乳素调节从免疫到压力的大量生理过程。在下面的综述中，我们选择重点关注雌性大鼠对哺乳、交配和卵巢类固醇的催乳素分泌的控制。在所有这三种状态下，下丘脑内侧基底神经元释放的多巴胺是调节催乳素分泌的有效抑制信号。早期研究已经确定，多巴胺能张力的缓解不足以解释对哺乳刺激的反应所观察到的催乳素分泌的全面激增，从而开始寻找可能的催乳素释放因子。此后，这项研究范围扩大到包括寻找控制交配后催乳素分泌或卵巢类固醇分泌的催乳素释放因子。大量文献表明，这种催乳素释放因子可能包括催产素。催产素受体存在于催乳素上。这些催产素受体对外源性催产素作出反应，并拮抗内源性催产素，抑制泌乳素活性。此外，催产素神经元活动和催产素释放的模式与催乳素的释放相关。在这里，我们认为催产素不仅刺激催乳素分泌，而且我们还假设催乳素分泌是由正（催产素）和负（多巴胺）反馈回路的复杂网络控制的。在本综述中，我们将讨论这些文献并尝试描述我们认为可能负责控制催乳素分泌的电路。
In the female rat, a complex interplay of both stimulatory and inhibitory hypothalamic factors controls the secretion of prolactin. Prolactin regulates a large number of physiological processes from immunity to stress. In the following review, we have chosen to focus on the control of prolactin secretion in the female rat in response to suckling, mating and ovarian steroids. In all three of these states, dopamine, released from neurones in the mediobasal hypothalamus, is a potent inhibitory signal regulating prolactin secretion. Early research has determined that the relief of dopaminergic tone is not enough to account for the full surge of prolactin secretion observed in response to the suckling stimulus, launching a search for possible prolactin-releasing factors. This research has since broadened to include searching for prolactin-releasing factors controlling prolactin secretion following mating or ovarian steroids. A great deal of literature has suggested that this prolactin-releasing factor may include oxytocin. Oxytocin receptors are present on lactotrophs. These oxytocin receptors respond to exogenous oxytocin and antagonism of endogenous oxytocin inhibits lactotroph activity. In addition, the pattern of oxytocin neuronal activity and oxytocin release correlate with the release of prolactin. Here we suggest that not only is oxytocin stimulating prolactin secretion, but we also hypothesize that prolactin secretion is controlled by a complex network of positive (oxytocin) and negative (dopamine) feedback loops. In the present review, we will discuss this literature and attempt to describe the circuitry we believe may be responsible for controlling prolactin secretion.
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