Atomic surface structure of MOVPE-prepared GaP(1 1 1)B

Atomic surface structure of MOVPE-prepared GaP(1 1 1)B
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MOVPE制备的GaP(1 1 1)B的原子表面结构

DOI:
10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147346
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
P. Kleinschmidt
P. Kleinschmidt
中科院分区:
材料科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
P. Kleinschmidt

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控制(111)取向的III-V族半导体的V族面的表面形成对于随后成功生长用于电子和光电应用的III-V族纳米线是至关重要的。为了制备GaP/Si(1 1 1)虚拟衬底,我们研究了金属有机物气相外延(MOVPE)制备的GaP(1 1 1)B表面(磷面)的原子结构。我们发现,在高温退火后,在基于H2的MOVPE工艺气氛中,表面是磷耗尽,如通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)所证明的。然而,密度泛函理论计算和扫描隧道显微镜(STM)的组合表明,部分H-终止的磷表面的形成,其中STM对比度是由于电子隧穿从非终止悬挂键的磷面。原子力显微镜(AFM)显示,高比例的表面覆盖的岛屿,这是确认为镓丰富的俄歇电子能谱(AES)。我们得出的结论是,高温退火后样品的STM图像仅反映了部分氢封端的磷表面的平坦区域,而原子力显微镜和AES检测到,退火后形成了越来越多的富Ga岛覆盖,这是XPS测量中较高比例的Ga的基础。
Controlling the surface formation of the group-V face of (1 1 1)-oriented III-V semiconductors is crucial for subsequent successful growth of III-V nanowires for electronic and optoelectronic applications. With a view to preparing GaP/Si(1 1 1) virtual substrates, we investigate the atomic structure of the MOVPE (metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy)-prepared GaP(1 1 1)B surface (phosphorus face). We find that upon high-temperature annealing in the H2-based MOVPE process ambience, the surface is phosphorus-depleted, as evidenced by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS). However, a combination of density functional theory calculations and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) suggests the formation of a partially H-terminated phosphorus surface, where the STM contrast is due to electrons tunneling from non-terminated dangling bonds of the phosphorus face. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals that a high proportion of the surface is covered by islands, which are confirmed as Ga-rich by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). We conclude that the STM images of the samples after high-temperature annealing only reflect the flat regions of the partially H-terminated phosphorus face, whereas an increasing coverage with Ga-rich islands, as detected by AFM and AES, forms upon annealing and underlies the higher proportion of Ga in the XPS measurements.
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