Emerging Biosensing Approaches for microRNA Analysis.
Emerging Biosensing Approaches for microRNA Analysis.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04679
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发表时间：
2016-01-05
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Bailey RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graybill RM;Bailey RC
Background and Relevance. Since their discovery more than 2 decades ago in C. elegans, 1 microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as an important class of nonprotein coding RNA molecules. miRNAs serve as critical gene expression regulators at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level and are widely conserved across a broad range of animals, plants, and viruses. Landmark studies have associated miRNAs with key biological events like developmental timing in C. elegans 2 and zebrafish, 3 and cancer development in humans. 4 These studies along with many others that have established miRNA control over numerous biological processes would not have been possible without reliable miRNA detection methods. The impact that these analytical tools have had is reflected in the rapid increase in publications that focus on “miRNA detection”, as shown in Figure 1. The aim of this review is to outline the current state of the art while also highlighting exciting new biosensing approaches to miRNA detection that might help realize the full potential of miRNA expression profiles in both the contexts of fundamental biology studies and clinical diagnostics. microRNAs are short, noncoding RNAs that are roughly 22 nucleotides in length. miRNA sequences regulate the expression of mRNA targets with either perfect complementarity, which leads to mRNA degradation, or imperfect complementarity, which often results in repression of translation. While the biogenesis of miRNA has been previously reviewed, 5− 7 the basic process of miRNA expression and
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