Hormonal and local regulation of uterine activity during parturition: part II — The prostaglandin and adrenergic systems

Hormonal and local regulation of uterine activity during parturition: part II — The prostaglandin and adrenergic systems
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分娩过程中子宫活动的激素和局部调节:第二部分——前列腺素和肾上腺素能系统

DOI:
10.1007/bf03347772
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发表时间:
1994
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Tommaso Susini
Tommaso Susini
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mario Maggi;Elisabetta Baldi;Tommaso Susini

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PGS是由怀孕的子宫产生的,其主要来源是子宫肌层,主要产生前列环素(PGI2)(1,2),胎膜主要产生PGE2(3,4),以及蜕膜,优先产生PGF2a,但也产生PGE2(2-4)。妊娠人子宫肌层的免疫组织化学研究表明,前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶和PGl2合成酶位于子宫肌层细胞(5)。此外,怀孕的人子宫肌层中这两种酶的浓度都增加了(6),在妊娠结束时,人胎盘中的前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶活性增加了大约三倍(7),特别是在靠近胎盘床的地方(8)。因此,在几个物种(9-12)中,子宫PG的产生从妊娠中期开始逐渐增加,在分娩期间达到顶峰。这表现在分娩期间羊水中PGE2、PGF2pha、PGFM、TXA2和PGl2水平的增加(13-17)和自然分娩期间母血中PGFM水平的增加(18、19),这表明在妊娠期(13-17)和自然分娩(18、19)期间非常特殊的机制控制PGs的合成。
PGs are produced by the pregnant uterus, the main sources being the myometrium, which produces predominantly prostacyclin (PGI2)(1, 2), the fetal membranes which produce mostly PGE2 (3, 4), and the decidua, which produces preferentially PGF2alpha but also PGE2 (2-4). Immunohistochemical studies in pregnant human myometrium have demonstrated that prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and PGl2 synthase are located in the myometrial cells (5). Furthermore, the concentration of both enzymes increases in pregnant human myometrium (6), and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase activity increases at the end of pregnancy by about threefold in human placenta (7), particularly in close proximity to the placental bed (8). Accordingly, uterine PG production progressively increases from mid-pregnancy in several species (9-12), peaking during labor. This is shown by the increase in PGE2, PGF2alpha, PGFM, TXA2 and PGl2 levels in amniotic fluid during labor (13-17) and of PGFM in maternal blood during spontaneous delivery (18, 19), suggesting that very specific mechanisms control the synthesis of PGs during preg-
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