Droughty times in mesic places: factors associated with forest mortality vary by scale in a temperate subalpine region

Droughty times in mesic places: factors associated with forest mortality vary by scale in a temperate subalpine region
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气候地区的干旱时期:温带亚高山地区与森林死亡相关的因素因规模而异

DOI:
10.1002/ecs2.3318
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Veblen, Thomas T.
Veblen, Thomas T.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harvey, Brian J.;Andrus, Robert A.;Battaglia, Mike A.;Negrón, José F.;Orrego, Alexandra;Veblen, Thomas T.

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了解生态干扰的驱动因素如何在不同尺度上运作,在干扰活动不断增加的时代非常重要。北美西部严重和广泛的Dendroctonusbark甲虫爆发使耐荫和通常晚生的树木(如亚高山冷杉)占据主导地位,这可以促进森林覆盖的恢复力。然而,亚高山冷杉衰退(SFD)是一个知之甚少的现象,它已经杀死了北美西部数百万公顷的树木,对未来的森林恢复力产生了未知的后果。不同的因素(例如,气候、地形、寄主树特征和丰富度)控制着从个体树木到次大陆尺度的空间尺度上的SFD存在和严重程度,尚未在单一框架中进行探索。在这里,我们结合了联合收割机关于SFD发生的大规模地理空间数据,关于SFD严重程度的林分规模实地数据,以及关于死亡率的细尺度个体树木数据,以测试跨越10个数量级(10 M公顷)的空间尺度与SFD相关的因素的相对重要<1 m to >性。在最广泛的规模(次大陆,~25万公顷),随着时间的推移,SFD的年度面积急剧增加与前期干旱。在区域(~6百万公顷)和林分(0.1-0.25公顷)尺度上,SFD的发生和严重程度在空间上与更多的中纬度地形位置和更大的寄主树丰度相关。最后,在个体树和树邻(&lt;1 m)尺度上,较大的树木和靠近死亡同种邻居的树木的死亡概率增加。SFD与干旱在宽尺度上的正时间关联与SFD与细尺度上的正空间关联表明,当地生物过程在介导干旱驱动的森林衰退中具有重要意义,并强调了理解生态干扰的多尺度驱动因素的必要性。
Understanding how drivers of ecological disturbance operate across scales is important in an era of increasing disturbance activity. Severe and extensiveDendroctonusbark beetle outbreaks across western North America have left in their wake dominance by shade‐tolerant and commonly late‐seral trees such as subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), which can foster resilience of forest cover. However, subalpine fir decline (SFD) is a poorly understood phenomenon that has killed trees across millions of hectares in western North America with unknown consequences for future forest resilience. How different factors (e.g., climate, topography, host‐tree characteristics, and abundance) govern SFD presence and severity across spatial scales from individual trees to a subcontinental scale has not been explored in a single framework. Here, we combine broad‐scale geospatial data on SFD occurrence, stand‐scale field data on SFD severity, and fine‐scale individual tree data on mortality to test the relative importance of factors related to SFD across spatial scales spanning >10 orders of magnitude (<1 m to >10 M hectares). At the broadest scale (subcontinental, ~25 M ha), annual areal extent of SFD over time increased sharply with antecedent drought. At regional‐ (~6 M ha) and stand‐ (0.1–0.25 ha) scales, the occurrence and severity of SFD were spatially associated with more mesic topographic positions and greater host‐tree abundance. Finally, at the individual tree‐ and tree‐neighborhood‐ (<1 m) scale, the probability of mortality increased for larger trees and trees closer to dead conspecific neighbors. The positive temporal association of SFD with drought at broad scales versus the positive spatial association of SFD with mesic sites at fine scales suggests strong importance of local biotic processes in mediating drought‐driven forest decline and highlights the need for understanding multi‐scale drivers of ecological disturbance.
地形和林间死亡率相互作用,控制落基山脉南部云杉-冷杉林的树木再生
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-9555.2005.00266.x
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DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3303
发表时间: 2017-06
影响因子: 30.7
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Seidl R;Thom D;Kautz M;Martin-Benito D;Peltoniemi M;Vacchiano G;Wild J;Ascoli D;Petr M;Honkaniemi J;Lexer MJ;Trotsiuk V;Mairota P;Svoboda M;Fabrika M;Nagel TA;Reyer CPO
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