Structural basis for DNMT3A-mediated de novo DNA methylation.

Structural basis for DNMT3A-mediated de novo DNA methylation.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature25477
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发表时间:
2018-02-15
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Song J
Song J
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang ZM;Lu R;Wang P;Yu Y;Chen D;Gao L;Liu S;Ji D;Rothbart SB;Wang Y;Wang GG;Song J

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DNA甲基转移酶3A (DNMT3A)和3B (DNMT3B)对基因组调控和发育至关重要。这一过程的失调与多种疾病有关,尤其是癌症。然而,DNMT3底物识别和酶特异性的机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们报道了一个2.65-Å晶体结构的DNMT3A- dnmt3l -DNA复合体,其中两个DNMT3A单体同时攻击两个CpG二核苷酸,目标位点在同一DNA双工中相隔14个碱基对。DNMT3A - dna相互作用涉及一个目标识别域(TRD)、一个催化环和DNMT3A同型二聚体界面。TRD残基Arg836与CpG进行关键接触,确保DNMT3A酶对细胞中CpG位点的偏好。底物结合残基的血液学癌症相关体细胞突变降低DNMT3A活性,诱导CpG低甲基化,促进造血细胞转化。总之,我们的研究揭示了dnmt3a介导的DNA甲基化的机制基础,并建立了其与人类疾病的病因学联系。
DNA methylation by de novo DNA methyltransferases 3A (DNMT3A) and 3B (DNMT3B) is essential for genome regulation and development. Dysregulation of this process is implicated in various diseases, notably cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying DNMT3 substrate recognition and enzymatic specificity remain elusive. Here we report a 2.65-Å crystal structure of the DNMT3A-DNMT3L-DNA complex where two DNMT3A monomers simultaneously attack two CpG dinucleotides, with the target sites separated by fourteen base pairs within the same DNA duplex. The DNMT3A–DNA interaction involves a target recognition domain (TRD), a catalytic loop and DNMT3A homodimeric interface. A TRD residue Arg836 makes crucial contacts with CpG, ensuring DNMT3A enzymatic preference towards CpG sites in cells. Hematological cancer-associated somatic mutations of the substrate-binding residues decrease DNMT3A activity, induce CpG hypomethylation, and promote transformation of hematopoietic cells. Together, our study reveals the mechanistic basis for DNMT3A-mediated DNA methylation and establishes its etiologic link to human disease.
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