Similarities in hypothalamic and mesocorticolimbic circuits regulating the overconsumption of food and alcohol.
Similarities in hypothalamic and mesocorticolimbic circuits regulating the overconsumption of food and alcohol.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.04.054
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发表时间：
2011-07-25
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Leibowitz, Sarah F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barson, Jessica R.;Morganstern, Irene;Leibowitz, Sarah F.
历史上，对食物摄取调节的研究始于下丘脑，并逐渐扩展到中皮质边缘区域，而对药物使用的研究始于中皮质边缘区域，现在包括下丘脑。随着对摄食行为的研究取得进展，人们发现调节美味食物和药物摄入之间有越来越多的相似之处。它还确定了与美味食物和药物摄取有关的特定神经化学物质。下丘脑中专门涉及控制脂肪摄取的促食欲素神经化学物质，包括甘丙素、脑啡肽、食欲素和黑色素浓缩激素，对这种大量营养素显示出正反馈，这些肽既增加了脂肪摄入量，又受到其摄入量的进一步刺激。这种积极的关系为为什么高脂肪食物经常被过度消费提供了一些解释。巴特·霍贝尔的实验室与我们的实验室联合进行的研究表明，酒精的消耗与脂肪摄入密切相关的证据一致，乙醇是一种滥用药物，也含有卡路里，类似地由参与脂肪摄取的神经化学系统驱动。脂肪和酒精的摄入也受到作用于中皮质边缘核的多巴胺和乙酰胆碱的调节。脂肪和酒精之间的这种密切关系可能在一定程度上是由循环脂类推动的，循环脂类因脂肪和乙醇的摄入而增加，众所周知，循环脂类会增加神经化学物质的表达和水平，并被发现促进脂肪和乙醇的进一步摄入。令人信服的是，最近的研究表明，在容易摄入过量脂肪或乙醇的动物身上，这些系统可能已经失调，甚至在它们接触到这些物质之前就已经如此。进一步了解这些涉及消费行为的系统将使研究人员能够开发出治疗暴饮暴食和药物滥用的有效疗法。
Historically, studies of food intake regulation started with the hypothalamus and gradually expanded to mesocorticolimbic regions, while studies of drug use began with mesocorticolimbic regions and now include the hypothalamus. As research on ingestive behavior has progressed, it has uncovered more and more similarities between the regulation of palatable food and drug intake. It has also identified specific neurochemicals involved in palatable food and drug intake. Hypothalamic orexigenic neurochemicals specifically involved in controlling fat ingestion, including galanin, enkephalin, orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone, show positive feedback with this macronutrient, with these peptides both increasing fat intake and being further stimulated by its intake. This positive relationship offers some explanation for why foods high in fat are so often overconsumed. Research in Bart Hoebel’s laboratory in conjunction with our own has shown that consumption of ethanol, a drug of abuse that also contains calories, is similarly driven by these neurochemical systems involved in fat intake, consistent with evidence closely relating fat and ethanol consumption. Both fat and ethanol intake are also regulated by dopamine and acetylcholine acting in mesocorticolimbic nuclei. This close relationship of fat and ethanol is likely driven in part by circulating lipids, which are increased by fat and ethanol intake, known to increase expression and levels of the neurochemicals, and found to promote further intake of fat and ethanol. Compellingly, recent studies suggest that these systems may already be dysregulated in animals prone to consuming excess fat or ethanol, even before they have ever been exposed to these substances. Further understanding of these systems involved in consummatory behavior will allow researchers to develop effective therapies for the treatment of overeating as well as drug abuse.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Beaulieu, J;Champagne, D;Drolet, G
通讯作者：
Drolet, G
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Carrillo, CA;Leibowitz, SF;Hoebel, BG
通讯作者：
Hoebel, BG
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Baird, John-Paul;Choe, Angela;Grigg, Lindsay A.
通讯作者：
Grigg, Lindsay A.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Chang, G. -Q.;Karatayev, O.;Leibowitz, S. F.
通讯作者：
Leibowitz, S. F.
DOI：
10.3181/00379727-77-18766
发表时间：
1951-01-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
ANAND, BK;BROBECK, JR
通讯作者：
BROBECK, JR