Dimeric CRISPR RNA-guided FokI nucleases for highly specific genome editing.

Dimeric CRISPR RNA-guided FokI nucleases for highly specific genome editing.
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DOI:
10.1038/nbt.2908
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发表时间:
2014-06
影响因子:
46.9
通讯作者:
Joung, J. Keith
Joung, J. Keith
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tsai, Shengdar Q.;Wyvekens, Nicolas;Khayter, Cyd;Foden, Jennifer A.;Thapar, Vishal;Reyon, Deepak;Goodwin, Mathew J.;Aryee, Martin J.;Joung, J. Keith

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单体CRISPR-Cas9核酸酶被广泛用于靶向基因组编辑,但可以高频率诱导不需要的脱靶突变。在这里,我们描述了二聚RNA引导的FokI核酸酶(RFN),它识别延伸序列并可以在人类细胞中高效编辑内源基因。RFN的切割活性严格依赖于两个向导RNA(gRNA)与具有限定间隔和取向的DNA的结合,因此相对于野生型Cas9单体显示出改善的特异性。重要的是,直接比较显示,由单个gRNA引导的RFN通常比匹配的单体Cas9切口酶诱导更低水平的不需要的突变。此外,我们还描述了一种简单的方法,用于表达带有任何5′端核苷酸的多个gRNA,这使得二聚体RFN具有广泛的靶向范围。RFN联合收割机将基于RNA的靶向的容易性与二聚化固有的特异性增强相结合,并且可能在需要高度精确的基因组编辑的应用中有用。
Monomeric CRISPR-Cas9 nucleases are widely used for targeted genome editing but can induce unwanted off-target mutations with high frequencies. Here we describe dimeric RNA-guided FokI Nucleases (RFNs) that recognize extended sequences and can edit endogenous genes with high efficiencies in human cells. The cleavage activity of an RFN depends strictly on the binding of two guide RNAs (gRNAs) to DNA with a defined spacing and orientation and therefore show improved specificities relative to wild-type Cas9 monomers. Importantly, direct comparisons show that RFNs guided by a single gRNA generally induce lower levels of unwanted mutations than matched monomeric Cas9 nickases. In addition, we describe a simple method for expressing multiple gRNAs bearing any 5′ end nucleotide, which gives dimeric RFNs a broad targeting range. RFNs combine the ease of RNA-based targeting with the specificity enhancement inherent to dimerization and are likely to be useful in applications that require highly precise genome editing.
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