The role of upstream sequences in selecting the reading frame on tmRNA.

The role of upstream sequences in selecting the reading frame on tmRNA.
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上游序列在选择TMRNA上的阅读框中的作用。

DOI:
10.1186/1741-7007-6-29
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发表时间:
2008-06-30
期刊:
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Buskirk, Allen R.
Buskirk, Allen R.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miller, Mickey R.;Healey, David W.;Robison, Stephen G.;Dewey, Jonathan D.;Buskirk, Allen R.

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tmRNA 首先作为 tRNA,然后作为 mRNA 来拯救真细菌中停滞的核糖体。关于 tmRNA 功能还有两个悬而未决的问题:缺乏反密码子的 tmRNA 如何绕过解码机制并进入核糖体?其次,核糖体如何选择正确的密码子来恢复 tmRNA 的翻译?根据-1三联体假说,这两个问题的答案在于第一个tmRNA密码子上游的三个核苷酸的独特性质。这些核苷酸呈现模拟密码子-反密码子相互作用的A型构象,导致解码中心的识别和阅读框的选择。 -1 三联体假说很重要,因为它是最可信的模型,其中核糖体的直接结合和识别设置了 tmRNA 的阅读框。构象分析预测 18 个三联体无法形成正确的结构来充当 tmRNA 的 -1 三联体。我们使用大肠杆菌中的遗传测定测试了所有可能的 -1 三联体突变体的 tmRNA 活性。虽然许多突变体表现出活性降低,但我们的发现与该模型的预测不符。额外的诱变鉴定了 tmRNA 功能所需的更上游序列。对 tmRNA 标签翻译的免疫印迹分析显示,U85、A86 和 -1 三联体序列中的某些突变会导致第一个密码子的不正确选择,并在体内翻译到错误的框架(-1 或 +1)中。我们的研究结果反驳了 -1 三元组假说。 -1 三联体不是 tmRNA 进入核糖体所必需的,尽管它在框架选择中起着次要作用。我们的结果强烈反对上游序列的直接核糖体识别,而是支持一个模型,其中单独的配体与 A86 的结合主要负责框架选择。
tmRNA acts first as a tRNA and then as an mRNA to rescue stalled ribosomes in eubacteria. Two unanswered questions about tmRNA function remain: how does tmRNA, lacking an anticodon, bypass the decoding machinery and enter the ribosome? Secondly, how does the ribosome choose the proper codon to resume translation on tmRNA? According to the -1 triplet hypothesis, the answer to both questions lies in the unique properties of the three nucleotides upstream of the first tmRNA codon. These nucleotides assume an A-form conformation that mimics the codon-anticodon interaction, leading to recognition by the decoding center and choice of the reading frame. The -1 triplet hypothesis is important because it is the most credible model in which direct binding and recognition by the ribosome sets the reading frame on tmRNA. Conformational analysis predicts that 18 triplets cannot form the correct structure to function as the -1 triplet of tmRNA. We tested the tmRNA activity of all possible -1 triplet mutants using a genetic assay in Escherichia coli. While many mutants displayed reduced activity, our findings do not match the predictions of this model. Additional mutagenesis identified sequences further upstream that are required for tmRNA function. An immunoblot assay for translation of the tmRNA tag revealed that certain mutations in U85, A86, and the -1 triplet sequence result in improper selection of the first codon and translation in the wrong frame (-1 or +1) in vivo. Our findings disprove the -1 triplet hypothesis. The -1 triplet is not required for accommodation of tmRNA into the ribosome, although it plays a minor role in frame selection. Our results strongly disfavor direct ribosomal recognition of the upstream sequence, instead supporting a model in which the binding of a separate ligand to A86 is primarily responsible for frame selection.
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发表时间: 2001-05-04
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发表时间: 2001-07-01
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发表时间: 2002-03-19
影响因子: 11.1
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