Landscapes and Landforms of Eastern Canada

Landscapes and Landforms of Eastern Canada
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加拿大东部的风景和地貌

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-030-35137-3_4
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
--
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Stokes C
Stokes C
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Stokes C

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本案例研究的重点是努纳武特大陆的加拿大地盾的低浮雕苔原,哈德逊湾以西的冰川景观。经过世纪的研究,该地区的冰川地貌非常壮观,被广泛认为是具有国际意义的古冰川学。在全球末次冰盛期,该地区靠近前劳伦泰德冰盖的中心,被淹没在一个大的冰穹之下(厚度超过3公里),一个主要的冰分水岭大致从东北走向西南(基瓦廷冰分水岭)。这是一个重要的影响冰川地貌的分布和本章的目的是提供一个简明扼要的概述的关键地貌组合和他们的分区周围的Keewatin冰分水岭,特别侧重于丘状地形,肋状冰碛,鼓,大型冰川线理,融水功能,端冰碛,并提出了海滩和海岸线有关的冰前湖泊和海侵。很明显,虽然地形的分布是一个复杂的相互作用,(厚度,速度,基底热状况)和底层地质,对这些景观的详细分析导致了我们对冰盖动力学和冰川地貌学的更广泛理解的一些重要进展,特别是在漂移扩散,冰分裂的迁移,冰流和冰下融水排水系统的演变。
This case study focuses on the glacial landscapes of the low-relief tundra of the Canadian Shield of mainland Nunavut, west of Hudson Bay. Having been studied for well over a century, the glacial geomorphology of the region is spectacular and is widely recognised as being of international significance to palaeo-glaciology. At the global Last Glacial Maximum, the region lay close to the centre of the former Laurentide Ice Sheet and was submerged beneath a large (>3 km thick) ice dome, and with a major ice divide orientated roughly north-east to south-west (the Keewatin Ice Divide). This was an important influence on the distribution of glacial landforms and the aim of this chapter is to provide a concise overview of the key landform assemblages and their zonation around the Keewatin Ice Divide with a particular focus on hummocky terrain, ribbed moraines, drumlins, mega-scale glacial lineations, meltwater features, end moraines, and raised beaches and shorelines related to proglacial lakes and marine transgression. It is clear that whilst the distribution of landforms is a complex interplay between the overriding ice sheet properties (thickness, velocity, basal thermal regime) and the underlying geology, a detailed analysis of these landscapes has led to some important advances in our broader understanding of ice sheet dynamics and glacial geomorphology, particularly in the area of drift dispersal, the migration of ice divides, ice streaming and the evolution of subglacial meltwater drainage systems.
拉布拉多中部海岸的晚期冰消作用及其对纳斯卡皮湖和麦克莱恩冰川湖时代以及史前史的影响
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