Measurement-induced phase transitions in the toric code

Measurement-induced phase transitions in the toric code
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复曲面码中测量引起的相变

DOI:
10.1103/physrevb.109.125148
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
T. Hsieh
T. Hsieh
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Amir;S. Sahu;T. Hsieh

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我们展示了如何通过对复曲面代码的子系统进行随机单量子比特测量来生成不同的物质相位。使用部分子结构,这样的测量映射到随机高斯张量网络,特别是,随机泡利测量映射到经典环路模型,其中西瓜子精确地确定测量引起的纠缠。测量除了量子位的1D边界之外的所有量子位实现了涉及1+1维中的酉门和投影测量的混合电路。我们发现,改变不同的泡利测量的概率可以驱动具有不同阶数和纠缠标度的相位之间的未测量边界中的跃迁,对应于经典模型中的短循环相位和长循环相位。此外,通过利用单站点边界幺正条件下的批量测量结果,我们生成的混合状态有序的相位和过渡,可以通过实验诊断线性可观测量。这展示了部分子结构如何为基于测量的量子计算设置提供一个自然的框架,以产生和操纵物质的相位。
We show how distinct phases of matter can be generated by performing random single-qubit measurements on a subsystem of toric code. Using a parton construction, such measurements map to random Gaussian tensor networks, and in particular, random Pauli measurements map to a classical loop model in which watermelon correlators precisely determine measurement-induced entanglement. Measuring all but a 1d boundary of qubits realizes hybrid circuits involving unitary gates and projective measurements in 1+1 dimensions. We find that varying the probabilities of different Pauli measurements can drive transitions in the un-measured boundary between phases with different orders and entanglement scaling, corresponding to short and long loop phases in the classical model. Furthermore, by utilizing single-site boundary unitaries conditioned on the bulk measurement outcomes, we generate mixed state ordered phases and transitions that can be experimentally diagnosed via linear observables. This demonstrates how parton constructions provide a natural framework for measurement-based quantum computing setups to produce and manipulate phases of matter.
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