The structure of neurexin 1α reveals features promoting a role as synaptic organizer.

The structure of neurexin 1α reveals features promoting a role as synaptic organizer.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.str.2011.03.012
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发表时间:
2011-06-08
期刊:
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Rudenko, Gabby
Rudenko, Gabby
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Fang;Venugopal, Vandavasi;Murray, Beverly;Rudenko, Gabby

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α-神经毒素是自闭症谱系障碍和精神分裂症中必需的突触粘附分子。α-neurexin胞外结构域由6个LNS结构域和3个EGF样重复序列组成,并与突触间隙中的许多不同蛋白质相互作用。为了了解α-neurexins如何作为突触组织者发挥作用,我们将neurexin 1α胞外结构域(n1α)的结构解为2.65 π。L形分子可分为柔性重复序列I(LNS 1-EGF-A-LNS 2)、与所谓的reelin重复序列具有结构相似性的刚性马蹄形重复序列II(LNS 3-EGF-B-LNS 4)和具有受控柔性的延伸重复序列III(LNS 5-EGF-B-LNS 6)。LNS 4中n1α携带剪接插入片段SS#3的2.95 bp结构表明SS#3突出为环,并且不改变重复序列II的刚性排列。由保守结构特征强加的全局架构使α-神经毒素能够以不同和可变的方式募集和组织蛋白质,受剪接的影响,从而促进突触功能。
α-Neurexins are essential synaptic adhesion molecules implicated in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. The α-neurexin extracellular domain consists of 6 LNS domains interspersed by 3 EGF-like repeats and interacts with many different proteins in the synaptic cleft. To understand how α-neurexins might function as synaptic organizers, we solved the structure of the neurexin 1α extracellular domain (n1α) to 2.65 Å. The L-shaped molecule can be divided into a flexible repeat I (LNS1-EGF-A-LNS2), a rigid horseshoe-shaped repeat II (LNS3-EGF-B-LNS4) with structural similarity to so-called reelin repeats, and an extended repeat III (LNS5-EGF-B-LNS6) with controlled flexibility. A 2.95 Å structure of n1α carrying splice insert SS#3 in LNS4 reveals that SS#3 protrudes as a loop and does not alter the rigid arrangement of repeat II. The global architecture imposed by conserved structural features enables α-neurexins to recruit and organize proteins in distinct and variable ways, influenced by splicing, thereby promoting synaptic function.
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