Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus nsP3 Phosphorylation Can Be Mediated by IKKβ Kinase Activity and Abrogation of Phosphorylation Inhibits Negative-Strand Synthesis.

Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus nsP3 Phosphorylation Can Be Mediated by IKKβ Kinase Activity and Abrogation of Phosphorylation Inhibits Negative-Strand Synthesis.
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DOI:
10.3390/v12091021
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发表时间:
2020-09-13
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Narayanan A
Narayanan A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bakovic A;Bhalla N;Kortchak S;Sun C;Zhou W;Ahmed A;Risner K;Klimstra WB;Narayanan A

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委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒(VEEV)是一种蚊子传播的Togaviridae家族甲型病毒,感染后可导致高度炎症和脑炎疾病。虽然B类选择药物,但目前还没有FDA批准的VEEV疫苗或治疗药物。我们先前在体外证明了在VEEV感染时,NF-κB的激活和IKK复合体的大分子重组,而IKKβ的抑制减少了病毒的复制。质谱仪和共聚焦显微镜显示IKKβ与VEEV非结构蛋白3(NSP3)之间存在相互作用。在这里,使用蛋白质印迹、无细胞激酶活性分析和质谱仪,我们证明了IKKβ激酶活性可以直接磷酸化VEEV NSP3的第204/5、142和134/5位。连续传代挽救了病毒的复制和负链合成,对逆转病毒的测序显示,在NSP3的204/5、142和135位,野生型TC-83具有磷酸化能力的氨基酸序列发生了逆转。利用204/5位天冬氨酸替换产生的拟磷突变体可以挽救病毒复制和负链RNA的产生,而拟磷突变体134/5挽救了病毒复制但不能恢复负链RNA水平,拟磷突变体142不能挽救VEEV复制。综上所述,这些数据表明IKKβ可以在第204/5、142和134/5位磷酸化VEEVNSP3,并提示磷酸化对于204/5位的负链RNA合成是必不可少的,但在134/5位可能对感染性颗粒的产生是重要的。
Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a mosquito transmitted alphavirus of the Togaviridae family, can cause a highly inflammatory and encephalitic disease upon infection. Although a category B select agent, no FDA-approved vaccines or therapeutics against VEEV currently exist. We previously demonstrated NF-κB activation and macromolecular reorganization of the IKK complex upon VEEV infection in vitro, with IKKβ inhibition reducing viral replication. Mass spectrometry and confocal microscopy revealed an interaction between IKKβ and VEEV non-structural protein 3 (nsP3). Here, using western blotting, a cell-free kinase activity assay, and mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that IKKβ kinase activity can directly phosphorylate VEEV nsP3 at sites 204/5, 142, and 134/5. Alanine substitution mutations at sites 204/5, 142, or 134/5 reduced VEEV replication by >30-100,000-fold corresponding to a severe decrease in negative-strand synthesis. Serial passaging rescued viral replication and negative-strand synthesis, and sequencing of revertant viruses revealed reversion to the wild-type TC-83 phosphorylation capable amino acid sequences at nsP3 sites 204/5, 142, and 135. Generation of phosphomimetic mutants using aspartic acid substitutions at site 204/5 resulted in rescue of both viral replication and negative-strand RNA production, whereas phosphomimetic mutant 134/5 rescued viral replication but failed to restore negative-strand RNA levels, and phosphomimetic mutant 142 did not rescue VEEV replication. Together, these data demonstrate that IKKβ can phosphorylate VEEV nsP3 at sites 204/5, 142, and 134/5, and suggest that phosphorylation is essential for negative-strand RNA synthesis at site 204/5, but may be important for infectious particle production at site 134/5.
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