Impact of salinization on lake stratification and spring mixing

Impact of salinization on lake stratification and spring mixing
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盐化对湖泊分层和泉水混合的影响

DOI:
10.1002/lol2.10215
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Dugan, Hilary A.
Dugan, Hilary A.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ladwig, Robert;Rock, Linnea A.;Dugan, Hilary A.

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人为的淡水盐碱化影响着世界各地数以千计的湖泊,但人们对盐分负荷如何改变二硅酸盐湖泊层化和春季混合的时间知之甚少。在这里,我们研究盐碱化对威斯康星州门多塔湖和莫诺纳湖混合的影响,方法是部署冰下浮标记录盐度梯度,使用一种分析方法来量化防止春季混合的盐度阈值,并运行一组垂直的一维水动力湖泊模型(GLM、GOTM和Simstrat)以调查冬季盐分负荷对混合和层化的长期影响。我们发现,表层和底层水域之间的春季盐度梯度在冰冻后持续了一个月,该理论预测1.3g-1.4g kg−1的盐度梯度将阻止泉水混合。数值模型预测,盐负荷推迟了春季的混合,增加了水柱的稳定性,从而影响了底层水域的氧合作用、生物地球化学和湖泊宜居性。
Anthropogenic freshwater salinization affects thousands of lakes worldwide, and yet little is known about how salt loading may shift timing of lake stratification and spring mixing in dimictic lakes. Here, we investigate the impact of salinization on mixing in Lakes Mendota and Monona, Wisconsin, by deploying under‐ice buoys to record salinity gradients, using an analytical approach to quantify salinity thresholds that prevent spring mixing, and running an ensemble of vertical one‐dimensional hydrodynamic lake models (GLM, GOTM, and Simstrat) to investigate the long‐term impact of winter salt loading on mixing and stratification. We found that spring salinity gradients between surface and bottom waters persist up to a month after ice‐off, and that theory predicts a salinity gradient of 1.3–1.4 g kg−1would prevent spring mixing. Numerical models project that salt loading delays spring mixing and increases water column stability, with ramifications for oxygenation of bottom waters, biogeochemistry, and lake habitability.
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