Emergence of a stable cortical map for neuroprosthetic control.
Emergence of a stable cortical map for neuroprosthetic control.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.1000153
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发表时间：
2009-07
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Carmena JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganguly K;Carmena JM
在这篇文章中，作者表明，控制神经假体装置的神经表征经历了一个巩固的过程，之后它是稳定的，容易回忆，并抗干扰。已知神经假体装置的皮质控制需要神经元适应。目前尚不清楚是否可以以模仿我们自然回忆运动技能的方式存储和回忆假体功能的稳定皮质表征。特别是在混合证据的皮质运动区的一个固定的神经元行为的关系，了解这种关系在长期的神经假体控制可以阐明神经可塑性的原则，以及改善假体功能。在这里，我们将猕猴初级运动皮层神经元集合的稳定记录与将神经活动转换为假肢运动的恒定解码器配对。熟练的控制是密切相关的出现一个令人惊讶的稳定模式的合奏活动，表明运动皮层可以巩固的神经代表假肢控制在存在一个恒定的解码器。这种皮层地图的重要性是显而易见的，因为对神经集合或解码器的大小的小扰动可以可逆地破坏功能。此外，一旦一个皮层地图得到巩固，第二个地图就可以被学习和存储。因此，神经假体装置的长期使用与假体功能的皮质地图的形成相关，该地图随时间推移而稳定，易于回忆，抗干扰，并且类似于推定的记忆印迹。脑机接口（BMI）有可能彻底改变神经受损患者的护理。许多研究已经显示了直接“大脑控制”神经假体装置的可行性，但仍不清楚假体控制的神经表征是否可以随着时间的推移而变得巩固并保持稳定。这个问题特别有趣，因为有证据表明，自然运动的神经表征可能是不稳定的：BMI为清醒行为受试者的皮层回路可塑性提供了一个窗口。在这里，我们表明，长期的神经假体控制导致一个非常稳定的皮层地图的形成。有趣的是，这张地图具有记忆痕迹的推定属性，即它在时间上是稳定的，容易回忆，并且对第二张地图的存储有抵抗力。这种用于假肢控制的皮层地图的演示表明，神经假肢装置最终可以通过模仿自然技能获取和运动控制的方式，通过毫不费力地回忆运动记忆来控制。
In this article, the authors show that the neural representation for control of a neuroprosthetic device undergoes a process of consolidation, after which it is stable, readily recalled, and resistant to interference. Cortical control of neuroprosthetic devices is known to require neuronal adaptations. It remains unclear whether a stable cortical representation for prosthetic function can be stored and recalled in a manner that mimics our natural recall of motor skills. Especially in light of the mixed evidence for a stationary neuron-behavior relationship in cortical motor areas, understanding this relationship during long-term neuroprosthetic control can elucidate principles of neural plasticity as well as improve prosthetic function. Here, we paired stable recordings from ensembles of primary motor cortex neurons in macaque monkeys with a constant decoder that transforms neural activity to prosthetic movements. Proficient control was closely linked to the emergence of a surprisingly stable pattern of ensemble activity, indicating that the motor cortex can consolidate a neural representation for prosthetic control in the presence of a constant decoder. The importance of such a cortical map was evident in that small perturbations to either the size of the neural ensemble or to the decoder could reversibly disrupt function. Moreover, once a cortical map became consolidated, a second map could be learned and stored. Thus, long-term use of a neuroprosthetic device is associated with the formation of a cortical map for prosthetic function that is stable across time, readily recalled, resistant to interference, and resembles a putative memory engram. Brain–machine interfaces (BMIs) have the potential to revolutionize the care of neurologically impaired patients. Numerous studies have now shown the feasibility of direct “brain control” of a neuroprosthetic device, yet it remains unclear whether the neural representation for prosthetic control can become consolidated and remain stable over time. This question is especially intriguing given the evidence demonstrating that the neural representation for natural movements can be unstable: BMIs provide a window into the plasticity of cortical circuits in awake-behaving subjects. Here, we show that long-term neuroprosthetic control leads to the formation of a remarkably stable cortical map. Interestingly, this map has the putative attributes of a memory trace, namely, it is stable across time, readily recalled, and resistant to the storage of a second map. The demonstration of such a cortical map for prosthetic control indicates that neuroprosthetic devices could eventually be controlled through the effortless recall of motor memory in a manner that mimics natural skill acquisition and motor control.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Moritz, Chet T.;Perlmutter, Steve I.;Fetz, Eberhard E.
通讯作者：
Fetz, Eberhard E.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Millán, JD;Renkens, F;Gerstner, W
通讯作者：
Gerstner, W
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0808113105
发表时间：
2008-12-09
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Jarosiewicz, Beata;Chase, Steven M.;Schwartz, Andrew B.
通讯作者：
Schwartz, Andrew B.
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.7.5.1019
发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
CARLTON, LG
通讯作者：
CARLTON, LG
影响因子：
25
作者：
Chapin, JK;Moxon, KA;Nicolelis, MAL
通讯作者：
Nicolelis, MAL