Linking RNA polymerase backtracking to genome instability in E. coli.
Linking RNA polymerase backtracking to genome instability in E. coli.
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将RNA聚合酶回溯与大肠杆菌中的基因组不稳定性联系起来。
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2011.07.034
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发表时间:
2011-08-19
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Nudler E
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dutta D;Shatalin K;Epshtein V;Gottesman ME;Nudler E
Frequent co-directional collisions between the replisome and RNA polymerase (RNAP) are inevitable because the rate of replication is much faster than that of transcription. Here we show that the outcome of such collisions depends on the productive state of transcription elongation complexes (ECs). Co-directional collisions with backtracked (arrested) ECs lead to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), whereas head-on collisions do not. A mechanistic model is proposed to explain backtracking-mediated DSBs. We further show that bacteria employ various strategies to evade replisome collisions with backtracked RNAP, the most general of which is translation that prevents RNAP backtracking. If translation is abrogated, DSBs are suppressed by elongation factors that either prevent backtracking or reactivate backtracked ECs. Finally, termination factors also contribute to genomic stability by removing arrested ECs. Our results establish RNAP backtracking as the intrinsic hazard to chromosomal integrity and implicate active ribosomes and other anti-backtracking mechanisms in genome maintenance.
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