Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in neurodegenerative diseases.
Role of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from microglia in neurodegenerative diseases.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.10.004
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发表时间：
2012-01-04
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
小胶质细胞在中枢神经系统内的许多不同的病理状态下被激活，包括损伤、缺血和感染。小胶质细胞的激活导致其产生促炎细胞因子，如IL-1、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α。虽然释放这些因子通常是为了防止对中枢神经系统组织的进一步损害，但它们也可能对神经元和其他神经胶质细胞产生毒性。越来越多的证据表明，慢性小胶质细胞激活也可能有助于神经退行性疾病的发生和发展。不幸的是，由于在神经保护和神经退变中的双重作用，确定促炎细胞因子在这些疾病中的作用变得复杂。该综述的目的是总结目前对细胞因子在神经退行性疾病中的参与及其潜在信号机制的理解。综上所述，最近的研究结果表明，小胶质细胞激活和促炎细胞因子值得作为治疗神经退行性疾病的靶点。
Microglia are activated in response to a number of different pathological states within the CNS including injury, ischemia, and infection. Microglial activation results in their production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. While release of these factors is typically intended to prevent further damage to CNS tissue, they may also be toxic to neurons and other glial cells. Mounting evidence indicates that chronic microglial activation may also contribute to the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Unfortunately, determining the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in these disorders has been complicated by their dual roles in neuroprotection and neurodegeneration. The purpose of this review is to summarize current understanding of the involvement of cytokines in neurodegenerative disorders and their potential signaling mechanisms in this context. Taken together, recent findings suggest that microglial activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines merit interest as targets in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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