Functional interrogation of DNA damage response variants with base editing screens.

Functional interrogation of DNA damage response variants with base editing screens.
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用碱基编辑筛选对DNA损伤反应变体进行功能性询问。

DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.041
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发表时间:
2021-02-18
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Ciccia A
Ciccia A
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cuella-Martin R;Hayward SB;Fan X;Chen X;Huang JW;Taglialatela A;Leuzzi G;Zhao J;Rabadan R;Lu C;Shen Y;Ciccia A

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DNA损伤反应(DDR)基因的突变危及基因组的完整性,并易患癌症和遗传疾病。在这里,使用CRISPR依赖的胞嘧啶碱基编辑筛选,我们鉴定了> 2,000种sgRNA,它们在86个DDR基因中产生核苷酸变体,导致DNA损伤后细胞适应性改变。在这些变体中,我们发现了DDR调节器53BP1的Tudor结构域中的功能丧失和获得突变体,其定义了结合去泛素化酶USP 28所需的非典型表面。此外,我们表征了定义域的TRAIP泛素连接酶的变体,其损失使得细胞对拓扑异构酶I抑制具有抗性。最后,我们确定了ATM激酶的突变与相反的基因组稳定性表型和功能丧失突变的CHK2激酶先前归类为变异的乳腺癌的不确定意义。我们预计,这一资源将使更多的DDR基因功能的发现和加快人类疾病的DDR变异的研究。
Mutations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes endanger genome integrity and predispose to cancer and genetic disorders. Here, using CRISPR-dependent cytosine base editing screens, we identify > 2,000 sgRNAs that generate nucleotide variants in 86 DDR genes, resulting in altered cellular fitness upon DNA damage. Among those variants, we discover loss- and gain-of-function mutants in the Tudor domain of the DDR regulator 53BP1 that define a non-canonical surface required for binding the deubiquitinase USP28. Moreover, we characterize variants of the TRAIP ubiquitin ligase that define a domain, whose loss renders cells resistant to topoisomerase I inhibition. Finally, we identify mutations in the ATM kinase with opposing genome stability phenotypes and loss-of-function mutations in the CHK2 kinase previously categorized as variants of uncertain significance for breast cancer. We anticipate that this resource will enable the discovery of additional DDR gene functions and expedite studies of DDR variants in human disease.
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