Functional analysis of chromatin assembled in synthetic nuclei.
Functional analysis of chromatin assembled in synthetic nuclei.
复制标题
合成核中组装的染色质的功能分析。
DOI:
10.1006/meth.1998.0728
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发表时间:
1999
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barton,MC
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crowe,AJ;Barton,MC
Numerous regulatory mechanisms contribute to the control of eukaryotic transcription. These controls are manifested through higher-order protein–DNA structure within the nucleus.In vitroassays have proven extremely useful in deciphering the potential regulatory roles of chromatin and nuclear structure in transcription. Embryonic egg extracts ofXenopuswith their vast maternal stores and rapid cell-cycle oscillations can be exploited to recapitulate multiple layers of nuclear regulation. Incubation of cloned DNA templates inXenopusegg extracts promotes a self-ordered assembly of physiologically spaced nucleosomes and synthetic nuclei structure formation. Interaction of membrane vesicles with chromatin leads to formation of a bilayer nuclear envelope encapsulating the DNA. These synthetic nuclei are functional organelles capable of active protein transport and a single round of semiconservative DNA synthesis. This system can be used to directly test the mechanisms by whichtrans-acting factors promote transcription on nucleosomal DNA, either during chromatin assembly or postassembly or in conjunction with remodeling machinery and/or DNA replication. The functional consequences oftrans-acting factor interaction within synthetic nuclei are determined by a coupledin vitrotranscription analysis. Immobilizing biotin end-labeled DNA templates on paramagnetic streptavidin beads greatly improves the flexibility of the system. The ease of chromatin-assembled template recovery allows the introduction of wash steps, buffer changes, and specific reaction optimization. These methods for reconstituting gene regulatory mechanismsin vitroare an attempt to strike a balance between biochemical accessibility and physiological relevance.
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