When wax wanes: competitors for beeswax stabilize rather than jeopardize the honeyguide-human mutualism.
When wax wanes: competitors for beeswax stabilize rather than jeopardize the honeyguide-human mutualism.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2022.1443
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发表时间：
2022-11-30
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Spottiswoode, Claire N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lloyd-Jones, David J.;St Clair, James J. H.;Cram, Dominic L.;Yassene, Orlando;van der Wal, Jessica E. M.;Spottiswoode, Claire N.
关键词：
许多互惠现象被第三方物种利用，它们从中受益而不提供任何回报。通过高度依赖于生态环境的机制，剥削可以破坏稳定或促进互惠。在这里，我们研究了一个显着的鸟类和人类的共生关系，其中食蜡的大蜜鸟（指示器）引导人类（智人）到野生蜜蜂的巢穴，在交换有关巢穴位置的知识，以进入蜡巢内。我们测试是否消耗蜡的哺乳动物和鸟类的剥削物种威胁或稳定的互利共生。使用相机陷阱，我们监测喂养访问蜡梳子提供蜂蜜收获后。我们发现，更大的蜜罐面临竞争的蜡从同种和9个剥削者的物种，其中5个以前不知道消耗蜡。我们的研究结果支持这一假设，即异种剥削者稳定的互利共生，因为这些竞争对手的蜡消耗可能会限制同类剥削者的喂养机会，有利于早到的个人，引导人类的蜂巢。这些研究结果突出了物种相互作用的生态背景的重要性，并提供了进一步的证据，说明互利共生如何能够持续下去，因为，而不是尽管，第三方物种的剥削。
Many mutualisms are exploited by third-party species, which benefit without providing anything in return. Exploitation can either destabilize or promote mutualisms, via mechanisms that are highly dependent on the ecological context. Here we study a remarkable bird–human mutualism, in which wax-eating greater honeyguides (Indicator indicator) guide humans (Homo sapiens) to wild bees' nests, in an exchange of knowledge about the location of nests for access to the wax combs inside. We test whether the depletion of wax by mammalian and avian exploiter species either threatens or stabilizes the mutualism. Using camera traps, we monitored feeding visits to wax comb made available following honey harvests. We found that greater honeyguides face competition for wax from conspecifics and nine exploiter species, five of which were not previously known to consume wax. Our results support the hypothesis that heterospecific exploiters stabilize the mutualism, because wax depletion by these competitors probably limits feeding opportunities for conspecific exploiters, favouring the early-arriving individual that guided humans to the bees’ nest. These findings highlight the importance of the ecological context of species interactions and provide further evidence for how mutualisms can persist because of, and not in spite of, exploitation by third-party species.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
ISACK, HA;REYER, HU
通讯作者：
REYER, HU
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
FRIEDMANN, H;KERN, J
通讯作者：
KERN, J
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Palmer, Todd M.;Stanton, Maureen L.;Karban, Richard
通讯作者：
Karban, Richard
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
LAWTON, RM
通讯作者：
LAWTON, RM
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2001.1900
发表时间：
2002-04-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Ferriere, R;Bronstein, JL;Gauduchon, M
通讯作者：
Gauduchon, M