The Arab Spring in North Africa: origins and prospects

The Arab Spring in North Africa: origins and prospects
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北非的阿拉伯之春:起源与前景

DOI:
10.1080/13629387.2011.630881
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
The Journal of North African Studies
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Joffé G
Joffé G
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Joffé G

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突尼斯和埃及的叛乱-茉莉花革命和解放革命-似乎为中东和北非爆发民主变革带来了巨大的希望,这就是所谓的“阿拉伯之春”。然而,利比亚内战以及也门和叙利亚的持续危机表明,整体区域变革可能更难实现。事实上,有相当具体的原因,为什么叛乱发生在三个北非国家,而不是在其余两个国家,为什么他们的结果如此不同。叛乱的原因是相似的-它们在于全球经济危机和区域国家的新世袭政治性质-但结果不同,因为有关国家中的两个是自由化的独裁统治,第三个-利比亚-坚决拒绝任何政治或社会国内竞争者对其霸权政治话语和实践的挑战。即使是自由化的独裁政权也面临着非常不同的未来,在突尼斯,整个制度已经被废除,而在埃及,政权为了维护政权本身而拒绝了它的傀儡。具有讽刺意味的是,突尼斯当局试图采取类似的行动,但却无法对已经发生的革命施加影响。
The insurgencies in Tunisia and Egypt — the Jasmine and the Tahrir Revolutions — seemed to offer great hope of the outbreak of democratic change in the Middle East and North Africa in what has come to be called the ‘Arab Spring’. However, the civil war in Libya and the ongoing crises in Yemen and Syria suggest that overall regional change may prove to be more difficult to achieve. In fact there are quite specific reasons why insurgencies occurred in three North African states and not in the remaining two states and why their outcomes have been so different. The causes for the insurgency are similar — they lie in the global economic crisis and in the neo-patrimonial political natures of regional states — but the outcomes differ because two of the states concerned were liberalising autocracies and the third — Libya — had resolutely rejected any political or social domestic competitors to its hegemonic political discourse and practice. Even the liberalised autocracies face very different futures for, in Tunisia a whole system has been removed whilst in Egypt, the regime rejected its figurehead in order to preserve the regime itself. Ironically enough, the authorities in Tunisia attempted a similar course of action but were unable to impose themselves on the revolution that had occurred.
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