Library Screening Reveals Sequence Motifs That Enable ADAR2 Editing at Recalcitrant Sites.

Library Screening Reveals Sequence Motifs That Enable ADAR2 Editing at Recalcitrant Sites.
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文库筛选揭示了使ADAR2在顽固位点编辑的序列基序。

DOI:
10.1021/acschembio.3c00107
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发表时间:
2023-10-20
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Beal, Peter A.
Beal, Peter A.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jacobsen, Casey S.;Salvador, Prince;Yung, John F.;Kragness, Sabrina;Mendoza, Herra G.;Mandel, Gail;Beal, Peter A.

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作用于RNA的腺苷脱氨酶(ADARs)催化双链RNA中腺苷水解脱氨为肌苷。肌苷产物优先与胞苷碱基配对,导致RNA中有效的A至G编辑。阿达尔编辑可以导致重新编码事件以及RNA功能的其他改变。ADAR对双链体RNA的选择性活性的结果是指导RNA(gRNA)可以被设计为靶向感兴趣的腺苷并促进所需的重新编码事件。阿达尔的主要限制之一是其偏好编辑具有特定5'和3'最近邻核苷酸(例如5' U、3' G)的腺苷。目前的合理设计方法非常适合这种理想的序列背景,但在应用于难以编辑的位点时受到限制。在这里,我们描述了一种用于体外评价非常大的阿达尔底物文库的策略(RNA指南的大规模评价,EMERGe)。EMERGe允许对阿达尔底物RNA进行全面筛选,这补充了当前的设计方法。我们使用这种方法来鉴定gRNA的序列基序,这些序列基序能够在其他难以编辑的靶位点中进行编辑。携带这些序列基序之一的指导RNA能够对由与Rett综合征相关的MECP 2基因突变引起的提前终止密码子进行细胞修复。EMERGe在筛选方面取得了进展,不仅允许新的gRNA设计,而且还加深了我们对ADAR特异性RNA-蛋白质相互作用的理解。
Adenosine Deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in duplex RNA. The inosine product preferentially base pairs with cytidine resulting in an effective A-to-G edit in RNA. ADAR editing can result in a recoding event alongside other alterations to RNA function. A consequence of ADARs’ selective activity on duplex RNA is that guide RNAs (gRNAs) can be designed to target an adenosine of interest and promote a desired recoding event. One of ADAR’s main limitations is its preference to edit adenosines with specific 5’ and 3’ nearest neighbor nucleotides (e.g. 5’ U, 3’ G). Current rational design approaches are well-suited for this ideal sequence context, but limited when applied to difficult-to-edit sites. Here we describe a strategy for the in vitro evaluation of very large libraries of ADAR substrates (En Masse Evaluation of RNA Guides, EMERGe). EMERGe allows for a comprehensive screening of ADAR substrate RNAs that complements current design approaches. We used this approach to identify sequence motifs for gRNAs that enable editing in otherwise difficult-to-edit target sites. A guide RNA bearing one of these sequence motifs enabled the cellular repair of a premature termination codon arising from mutation of the MECP2 gene associated with Rett Syndrome. EMERGe provides an advancement in screening that not only allows for novel gRNA design, but also furthers our understanding of ADARs’ specific RNA-protein interactions.
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