补体介导的肿瘤免疫逃逸及其在免疫检查点抑制剂治疗中的应用

The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system. At present, much evidence shows that the role of the complement in the body is not limited to removing risk factors such as pathogenic microorganisms. The complement can also affect the tumor immune escape mechanism through different pathways and then participate in the occurrence and development of tumors. Given that the complement plays a complex and important role in tumors, this article elaborates on the relevant mechanisms of the complement system participating in tumor immune escape from three aspects: the inherent components of the complement, the products of complement activation, and the complement regulatory proteins, and prospects the application of the complement in the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors according to these mechanisms, aiming to provide a new direction for the immunotherapy of tumors.

补体系统是固有免疫系统的重要组成部分,目前许多证据表明,补体对机体的作用不仅仅限于清除病原微生物等危险因素,补体还可以通过不同的作用途径影响肿瘤免疫逃逸机制进而参与肿瘤的发生发展。鉴于补体在肿瘤中发挥着复杂且重要的作用,本文分别从补体固有成分、补体活化产物以及补体调节蛋白3个方面阐述补体系统参与肿瘤免疫逃逸的相关机制,并针对这些机制为补体在免疫检查点抑制剂治疗中的应用进行展望,旨在为肿瘤的免疫治疗提供新的方向。