Loneliness during a strict lockdown: Trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 United Kingdom adults.
Loneliness during a strict lockdown: Trajectories and predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic in 38,217 United Kingdom adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113521
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fancourt D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bu F;Steptoe A;Fancourt D
人们越来越担心，COVID-19疫情导致的封城和“呆在家里”的命令可能会导致孤独感上升，这被认为是一个主要的公共卫生问题。但是，大流行期间的孤独状况和风险因素仍不清楚。目前的研究旨在研究在严格封锁期间孤独水平是否以及如何变化，并探索孤独增长轨迹的聚类。伦敦大学学院COVID-19社会研究（一项于疫情期间每周收集数据的小组研究）的38，217名英国成年人的数据于英国严格封锁期间（2020年3月23日至2020年5月10日）进行分析。对样本进行了良好的分层，并根据性别、年龄、种族、教育和地理位置的人口比例进行了加权。增长混合模型被用来识别孤独增长轨迹的潜在类别及其预测因子。分析显示了四个等级，基线孤独水平从低到高不等。在封闭的最初几周，最高孤独感组的孤独感水平上升，最低孤独感组的孤独感水平下降，中间两组的孤独感水平相对稳定。年轻人（OR = 2.17-6.81）、女性（OR = 1.59）、低收入者（OR = 1.3）、不从事经济活动者（OR = 1.3-2.04）和有心理健康状况者（OR = 5.32）更有可能处于最高孤独等级。此外，与他人一起生活或生活在农村地区，有更多亲密的朋友或更多的社会支持是保护性的。在英国，在COVID-19导致的严格封锁措施下，人们对孤独感的感知水平相对稳定，但对许多人来说，这些水平很高，没有改善的迹象。结果表明，需要更多的努力来解决孤独。我们的分析揭示了四种独特的潜在类别的孤独轨迹。在七周的严格封锁期间，孤独感水平相对稳定。最高孤独等级略有增加，最低等级有所减少。一系列的人口，健康和社会因素与潜在的阶级。
There are increasing worries that lockdowns and ‘stay-at-home’ orders due to the COVID-19 pandemic could lead to a rise in loneliness, which is recognised as a major public health concern. But profiles of loneliness during the pandemic and risk factors remain unclear. The current study aimed to examine if and how loneliness levels changed during the strict lockdown and to explore the clustering of loneliness growth trajectories. Data from 38,217 UK adults in the UCL COVID -19 Social Study (a panel study collecting data weekly during the pandemic) were analysed during the strict lockdown period in the UK (23/03/2020–10/05/2020). The sample was well-stratified and weighted to population proportions of gender, age, ethnicity, education and geographical location. Growth mixture modelling was used to identify the latent classes of loneliness growth trajectories and their predictors. Analyses revealed four classes, with the baseline loneliness level ranging from low to high. In the first a few weeks of lockdown, loneliness levels increased in the highest loneliness group, decreased in the lowest loneliness group, and stayed relatively constant in the middle two groups. Younger adults (OR = 2.17–6.81), women (OR = 1.59), people with low income (OR = 1.3), the economically inactive (OR = 1.3–2.04) and people with mental health conditions (OR = 5.32) were more likely to be in highest loneliness class relative to the lowest. Further, living with others or in a rural area, and having more close friends or greater social support were protective. Perceived levels of loneliness under strict lockdown measures due to COVID-19 were relatively stable in the UK, but for many people these levels were high with no signs of improvement. Results suggest that more efforts are needed to address loneliness. Our analyses revealed four distinctive latent classes of loneliness trajectories. During the seven weeks of strict lockdown, loneliness levels were relatively stable. There is a slight increase in the highest loneliness class and decrease in the lowest class. A range of demographic, health, and social factors were related to latent classes.
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