Theory and simulation of spectral line broadening by exoplanetary atmospheric haze

Theory and simulation of spectral line broadening by exoplanetary atmospheric haze
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系外行星大气雾霾引起的谱线展宽的理论与模拟

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/sty2694
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Sadeghpour, H R
Sadeghpour, H R
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Felfli, Z;Karman, T;Kharchenko, V;Vrinceanu, D;Babb, J F;Sadeghpour, H R

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大气霾是外行星光谱中不透明和缺乏突出特征的主要候选者,以及太阳系行星,卫星和彗星的大气。系外行星的透射光谱携带着行星大气层如何变得不透明的信息,通常在与钠、钾和水的光谱线相对应的波长范围内显示出广泛的吸收。我们开发了一个详细的原子模型,描述原子或分子辐射与灰尘和大气雾霾颗粒物的相互作用。该模型采用了一个现实的结构,从小的纳米尺寸的种子颗粒到亚微米不规则形状的聚集体和占两个成对的碰撞之间的辐射器和霾扰动,和准静态平均场转移的原子水平在雾霾环境中的霾颗粒。这种形式主义可以解释大平坦的吸收和发射光谱在朦胧的大气中,并显示了辐射器-烟雾粒子的相互作用如何影响吸收光谱形状的光谱线的翅膀和附近的中心。理论上可以解释几乎所有的现实结构,密度,大小和化学成分的烟雾颗粒。我们说明了该方法的实用性,通过计算的移位和增宽的发射光谱的NaiD线在霾环境中,由Ar纳米团簇形成。氩用作说明性雾成分仅仅是因为闭合壳层原子及其簇对于辐射体与纳米尺寸雾颗粒之间的相互作用的量子力学计算的简单性。所提出的模型的优雅性和通用性应该使其适合于天体物理学和化学领域的广泛用户。
Atmospheric haze is a leading candidate for opacity and lack of prominent features in expolanetary spectra, as well as in the atmospheres of Solar system planets, satellites, and comets. Exoplanetary transmission spectra, which carry information about how the planetary atmospheres become opaque to stellar light in transit, often show broad absorption in the region of wavelengths corresponding to spectral lines of sodium, potassium, and water. We develop a detailed atomistic model, describing interactions of atomic or molecular radiators with dust and atmospheric haze particulates. This model incorporates a realistic structure of haze particulates from small nano-sized seed particles up to submicron irregularly shaped aggregates and accounting for both pairwise collisions between the radiator and haze perturbers, and quasi-static mean-field shift of atomic levels in haze environments. This formalism can explain large flattening of absorption and emission spectra in hazy atmospheres and shows how the radiator – haze particle interaction affects the absorption spectral shape in the wings of spectral lines and near their centres. The theory can, in principle, account for nearly all realistic structure, density, size, and chemical composition of haze particulates. We illustrate the utility of the method by computing shift and broadening of the emission spectra of the NaiD lines in haze environment, formed by Ar nano-clusters. Argon is used as the illustrative haze constituent only because of the simplicity of closed-shell atoms and their clusters for quantum mechanical calculations of interaction between radiator and nano-sized haze particles. The elegance and generality of the proposed model should make it amenable to a broad community of users in astrophysics and chemistry.
嵌入 Ar 基体中的碱原子的光谱特性。
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