Trans-acting epigenetic effects of chromosomal aneuploidies: lessons from Down syndrome and mouse models.

Trans-acting epigenetic effects of chromosomal aneuploidies: lessons from Down syndrome and mouse models.
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DOI:
10.2217/epi-2016-0138
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发表时间:
2017-03
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Tycko B
Tycko B
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Do C;Xing Z;Yu YE;Tycko B

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后基因组研究的一个重要方向是试图了解遗传因素如何影响表观遗传模式。在这里,我们回顾染色体非整倍体的表观遗传效应,重点关注唐氏综合症(DS,21 三体)的发现。最近在人类 DS 和小鼠模型中的研究表明,额外的 21 号染色体以反式作用,在特定的下游靶基因组(主要在其他染色体上)中产生表观遗传变化,包括差异 CpG 甲基化 (DS-DM)。从这些数据中得出的机制假设包括 21 号染色体连锁甲基化途径基因(DNMT3L 等)和转录因子基因(RUNX1、OLIG2、GABPA、ERG 和 ETS2)在形成 DS-DM 模式中的作用。这些发现可能对其他人类发育和神经精神疾病以及癌症中染色体和亚染色体非整倍性的反式作用表观遗传效应具有更广泛的影响。
An important line of postgenomic research seeks to understand how genetic factors can influence epigenetic patterning. Here we review epigenetic effects of chromosomal aneuploidies, focusing on findings in Down syndrome (DS, trisomy 21). Recent work in human DS and mouse models has shown that the extra chromosome 21 acts in trans to produce epigenetic changes, including differential CpG methylation (DS-DM), in specific sets of downstream target genes, mostly on other chromosomes. Mechanistic hypotheses emerging from these data include roles of chromosome 21-linked methylation pathway genes (DNMT3L and others) and transcription factor genes (RUNX1, OLIG2, GABPA, ERG and ETS2) in shaping the patterns of DS-DM. The findings may have broader implications for trans-acting epigenetic effects of chromosomal and subchromosomal aneuploidies in other human developmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, and in cancers.
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