Shallow magma diversions during explosive diatreme-forming eruptions.
Shallow magma diversions during explosive diatreme-forming eruptions.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-018-03865-x
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发表时间：
2018-04-13
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
White JDL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Le Corvec N;Muirhead JD;White JDL
岩浆的分流是导致火山口重新定位的重要机制。已知岩浆分流发生在爆炸性火山喷发期间，产生地下开挖和乡村和火山岩的再活化。然而，尽管爆炸坑形成和侵入过程之间的反馈对于理解火山喷发过程中不断演变的危险具有重要意义，但以前没有考虑过这些反馈。本文采用数值模拟的方法，研究了开挖和后续充填对复合岩体形成过程中应力状态和岩体几何形状的影响。岩缝的爆破开挖和充填影响了岩缝内的局部应力状态，抑制了岩浆的上升，并在不同深度上引起了侧向分流，从而促进了岩缝内的爆炸、寄主岩的混合和通风口的迁移。我们的模型展示了新的机制来解释碟状断层的产生，这些断层与岩浆转移和岩浆岩缝内爆炸破碎的增强有关。类似的机制也会发生在其他产生火山口喷发的火山口上。单成因火山场中的浅层岩浆馈线系统可能决定火山如何喷发。在这里，作者使用数值模拟表明，爆炸开挖和填充喷发陨石坑影响局部应力状态，并通过反馈控制陨石坑形成爆炸的位置和深度。
The diversion of magma is an important mechanism that may lead to the relocation of a volcanic vent. Magma diversion is known to occur during explosive volcanic eruptions generating subterranean excavation and remobilization of country and volcanic rocks. However, feedbacks between explosive crater formation and intrusion processes have not been considered previously, despite their importance for understanding evolving hazards during volcanic eruptions. Here, we apply numerical modeling to test the impacts of excavation and subsequent infilling of diatreme structures on stress states and intrusion geometries during the formation of maar–diatreme complexes. Explosive excavation and infilling of diatremes affects local stress states which inhibits magma ascent and drives lateral diversion at various depths, which are expected to promote intra-diatreme explosions, host rock mixing, and vent migration. Our models demonstrate novel mechanisms explaining the generation of saucer-shaped sills, linked with magma diversion and enhanced intra-diatreme explosive fragmentation during maar-diatreme volcanism. Similar mechanisms will occur at other volcanic vents producing crater-forming eruptions. Shallow magmatic feeder systems in monogenetic volcanic fields may determine how a volcano erupts. Here, the authors use numerical modeling to show that explosive excavation and infilling of eruptive craters affects local stress states, with feedbacks controlling sites and depths of crater-forming explosions.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Castro, Jonathan M.;Cordonnier, Benoit;Feisel, Yves
通讯作者：
Feisel, Yves
DOI：
10.1016/0377-0273(94)90073-6
发表时间：
1994-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
ABRAMS, MJ;SIEBE, C
通讯作者：
SIEBE, C
DOI：
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.12.034
发表时间：
2008-06-20
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Gernon, Thomas M.;Gilbertson, Mark A.;Field, Matthew
通讯作者：
Field, Matthew
DOI：
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.01.002
发表时间：
2009-05-10
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Casagli, Nicola;Tibaldi, Alessandro;Tarchi, Dario
通讯作者：
Tarchi, Dario
DOI：
10.1016/s0148-9062(97)00010-7
发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Kaiser, PK;Tang, CA
通讯作者：
Tang, CA