"If a rabbi did say 'you have to vaccinate,' we wouldn't": Unveiling the secular logics of religious exemption and opposition to vaccination.
"If a rabbi did say 'you have to vaccinate,' we wouldn't": Unveiling the secular logics of religious exemption and opposition to vaccination.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114052
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kasstan, Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kasstan, Ben
在宗教少数群体中爆发可预防疾病以及越来越多的人要求“豁免”接种疫苗的情况下，保持对疫苗接种的“信仰”已成为一项公共卫生挑战。麻疹和冠状病毒的爆发在北美、欧洲和以色列的正统犹太社区尤为严重，但尚未进行比较研究，以确定对疫苗决策的共同和特定影响。本文对2014-15年和2018-19年麻疹大流行以及2020-21年冠状病毒大流行期间英国和以色列正统犹太人的疫苗决策进行了定性研究。这些方法整合了66次与父母、正式和非正式卫生保健从业人员和宗教领袖进行的半结构化非正式访谈，以及对量身定制的非疫苗接种宣传活动和文献的分析。这篇论文认为，“宗教”豁免和反对疫苗接种的话语模糊了为疫苗决策提供信息的各种实践和哲学，以及宗教法和宗教领袖如何形成偶然的影响。正统犹太父母没有将宗教视为做出疫苗决定的主要框架，而是以类似于不接种疫苗的“世俗”逻辑的方式，更关心安全、信任和选择。然而，宗教框架被动员起来，有时被政治化，以适应从强制或强制性疫苗政策中“豁免”的医学-法律话语。通过将围绕保护的紧张关系概念化为“政治豁免权”，该论文提供了一个模型，为社会科学理解健康、法律和宗教如何在当代疫苗反对中交叉提供了信息。
Maintaining ‘faith’ in vaccination has emerged as a public health challenge amidst outbreaks of preventable disease among religious minorities and rising claims to ‘exemption’ from vaccine mandates. Outbreaks of measles and coronavirus have been particularly acute among Orthodox Jewish neighbourhoods in North America, Europe and Israel, yet no comparative studies have been conducted to discern the shared and situated influences on vaccine decision-making. This paper synthesises qualitative research into vaccine decision-making among Orthodox Jews in the United Kingdom and Israel during the 2014–15 and 2018-19 measles epidemics, and 2020–21 coronavirus pandemic. The methods integrate 66 semi-structured informal interviews conducted with parents, formal and informal healthcare practitioners, and religious leaders, as well as analysis of tailored non-vaccination advocacy events and literature. The paper argues that the discourse of ‘religious’ exemption and opposition to vaccination obscures the diverse practices and philosophies that inform vaccine decisions, and how religious law and leaders form a contingent influence. Rather than viewing religion as the primary framework through which vaccine decisions are made, Orthodox Jewish parents were more concerned with safety, trust and choice in similar ways to ‘secular’ logics of non-vaccination. Yet, religious frameworks were mobilised, and at times politicised, to suit medico-legal discourse of ‘exemption’ from coercive or mandatory vaccine policies. By conceptualising tensions around protection as ‘political immunities,’ the paper offers a model to inform social science understandings of how health, law and religion intersect in contemporary vaccine opposition.
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