Reversible hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men with the fertile eunuch/Pasqualini syndrome: A single-center natural history study.

Reversible hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men with the fertile eunuch/Pasqualini syndrome: A single-center natural history study.
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DOI:
10.3389/fendo.2022.1054447
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Balasubramanian, Ravikumar
Balasubramanian, Ravikumar
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dwyer, Andrew A. A.;Stamou, Maria;McDonald, Isabella R. R.;Anghel, Ella;Cox, Kimberly H. H.;Salnikov, Kathryn B. B.;Plummer, Lacey;Seminara, Stephanie B. B.;Balasubramanian, Ravikumar

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先天性促性腺功能减退症(HH)是一种异质性遗传疾病,其特征是青春期中断和不育。大多数情况下,HH是持久的,但10-15%发生逆转。男性HH和缺席和部分青春期(即睾丸体积分别<4mL和bb0 4mL)已经得到了很好的研究,但罕见的生育太监(FE)变体仍然缺乏特征。这项对240名男性HH患者的自然病史研究描述了FE变异的临床表现、神经内分泌特征、逆转率和遗传学。我们比较了三个HH组:FE (n=38),青春期缺失(n=139)和部分青春期(n=63)。FE组无小阴茎病史,2/38(5%)有隐睾(p<0.0001)。FE组显示出更高的促性腺激素检测率,更高的平均LH/FSH水平和更高的血清抑制素B水平(均p<0.0001)。神经内分泌分析显示,30/38(79%)的FE男性有脉动性LH分泌(p<0.0001), 16/36(44%)的FE男性有自发性HH逆转(p<0.001)。FE组在GNRHR和FGFR1中富含蛋白截断变体(PTVs), 4/30(13%)表现出寡生PTVs。研究结果表明,与HH男性相比,FE变异的男性表现出最轻微的神经内分泌缺陷,FE亚型是第一个确定的可逆性HH的表型预测因子。
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is a heterogeneous genetic disorder characterized by disrupted puberty and infertility. In most cases, HH is abiding yet 10-15% undergo reversal. Men with HH and absent and partial puberty (i.e., testicular volume <4mL and >4mL respectively) have been well-studied, but the rare fertile eunuch (FE) variant remains poorly characterized. This natural history study of 240 men with HH delineates the clinical presentation, neuroendocrine profile, rate of reversal and genetics of the FE variant. We compared three HH groups: FE (n=38), absent puberty (n=139), and partial puberty (n=63). The FE group had no history of micropenis and 2/38 (5%) had cryptorchidism (p<0.0001 vs. other groups). The FE group exhibited higher rates of detectable gonadotropins, higher mean LH/FSH levels, and higher serum inhibin B levels (all p<0.0001). Neuroendocrine profiling showed pulsatile LH secretion in 30/38 (79%) of FE men (p<0.0001) and 16/36 (44%) FE men underwent spontaneous reversal of HH (p<0.001). The FE group was enriched for protein-truncating variants (PTVs) in GNRHR and FGFR1 and 4/30 (13%) exhibited oligogenic PTVs. Findings suggest men with the FE variant exhibit the mildest neuroendocrine defects of HH men and the FE sub-type represents the first identified phenotypic predictor for reversible HH.
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