Examining the complexities of affective experience will enhance our understanding of pain and inform new interventions designed to bolster resilience.
Examining the complexities of affective experience will enhance our understanding of pain and inform new interventions designed to bolster resilience.
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检查情感体验的复杂性将增强我们对疼痛的理解，并为旨在增强复原力的新干预措施提供信息。
DOI：
10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000614
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Sturgeon,JohnA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zautra,AlexJ;Sturgeon,JohnA
对情感体验中的“不稳定性”的研究15为慢性疼痛患者的情感体验打开了一扇新的窗户。这种情感状态的变异性以前曾被研究过，但没有达到相同的严格程度，而且很少有患者在他们的疼痛体验中有中度到较大的日常波动。通常我们认为影响的大小，我们通常专注于消极的情绪状态。我们也经常通过几周或几个月的回顾性记录来检查这些状态，引入的偏差不太可能是随机的。2，10那些记得童年经历虐待的人和那些倾向于报告抑郁和焦虑的人与那些不太倾向于回忆和报告这些负面经历的人不同。3，14，16，21通过使用每日账户，这种偏差会减少。此外，包括日常帐户的积极情绪状态提供了一个更丰富的帐户的人的直接affective experiences.that不稳定性，独立的负面情绪的大小，将缓和疼痛的残疾和认知疼痛的影响，为我们提供了一个机会，以检查前提的作用，情绪状态在成功适应疼痛。作者15请我们进一步研究这些经验的质量，特别是它们可能产生的不确定性，作为影响适应的因素。积极情绪不稳定性的影响力较小，这也许并不奇怪，但是，考虑到Ong等人最近关于积极情绪变异性的工作，我们认为需要更多的工作，更接近实际的疼痛体验，也许在几分钟或几小时内，而不是几天内，来解决这个问题。事实上，一种不同的受试者内检查可能不仅能够检测到情感稳定性的人与人之间的差异，而且还能够检测到情感可预测性从一个场合到下一个场合的变化如何识别疼痛患者生活中特别脆弱的时期。在这种情况下，我们将识别人们对疼痛的适应力较低的时间，而不是识别那些由于情绪调节能力不稳定而适应力较低的人。此外，积极情感的日常变化可能还有其他突出的作用，这些作用在当前的分析中没有得到体现。5例如，面临
The examination of “instabilities” in affective experiences15 opens up a new window into the emotional experiences of those in chronic pain. Such variability in affective states has been studied before, but not with the same level of rigor, and rarely with patients with moderate to large daily fluctuations in their pain experience. Usually we think of affects in terms of magnitude, and we typically focus on negative emotional states. We also are often examining these states by means of retrospective accounts of weeks or months, introducing biases that are unlikely to be random ones. 2, 10 People who remember experiencing abuse during their childhoods and those who have a propensity to report depression and anxiety are different from those who are less inclined to recall and report those negative experiences. 3, 14, 16, 21 By using daily accounts, such biases are reduced. Furthermore, the inclusion of daily accounts of positive emotional states provides a richer accounting of the person’s immediate affective experiences.That instability, independent of the magnitude of negative feelings, would moderate the effects of pain on disability and cognitions about pain provides us with an opportunity to examine premises about the role of emotional states in successful adaptation to pain. The authors15 invite us to look further into the quality of those experiences, and in particular, the uncertainty they may engender, as factors influencing adaptation. It is perhaps not surprising that positive emotion instability was less influential, but, given the recent work by Ong et al. 12, 13 on positive affect variability, we believe that more work is needed, closer in time to the actual pain experience, perhaps within minutes or hours rather than across days, to address that question. Indeed, a different within-subjects examination might be able to detect not just between-person differences in affective stabilities, but also how shifts in affective predictability from one occasion to the next might identify particularly vulnerable times in the lives of patients with pain. In that case, we would be identifying times when people are less resilient to pain, rather than identifying people who are less resilient because of the instabilities in their affect regulation capacities. Furthermore, there may be other salient roles for day-to-day changes in positive affect that are not captured in the current analysis. 5 For example, individuals facing
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社会关系的人性化：中年复原力的滋养。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Zautra;F. Infurna;Eva K. Zautra;Carmen Gallardo;L. Velasco
通讯作者：
L. Velasco
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
B. Fredrickson;R. Levenson
通讯作者：
B. Fredrickson;R. Levenson
研究社会互动的自然主义方法
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Reis
通讯作者：
H. Reis
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Tugade, MM;Fredrickson, BL
通讯作者：
Fredrickson, BL
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Rost, Silke;Van Ryckeghem, Dimitri M. L.;Crombez, Geert
通讯作者：
Crombez, Geert