Facilitating Adaptive Emotion Processing and Somatic Reappraisal via Sustained Mindful Interoceptive Attention.
Facilitating Adaptive Emotion Processing and Somatic Reappraisal via Sustained Mindful Interoceptive Attention.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.578827
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Weng HY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Price CJ;Weng HY
情绪本质上是具体化的，因为大脑已经进化到快速评估刺激的情绪意义，并向身体的内脏和外周输出信号，以帮助适应性反应。情绪涉及内隐的身体和外显的叙述过程，当身体信号没有被注意到并与关于经验的外显叙述整体整合时，患者可能会经历跨诊断的痛苦。类似地，治疗师可以接受更隐式的基于身体的方法（即，按摩/身体工作、物理和职业治疗以及护理/医学）或更明确的基于叙述的方法（即，心理治疗），并且可能缺乏整合两种情绪处理水平以帮助愈合和成长的技能培训。为了解决这些差距，我们提出了一个框架，内隐身体感觉和外显叙事之间的桥梁在于培养与情绪相关的身体感觉的正念意识。这个过程使主观意识注意到通常在意识意识之外的内在身体体验（或内感受意识），以便它可以被理解并以更适应的方式重新整合，我们称之为躯体重新评价。使用临床理论和例子小插曲，我们提出了正念内感受性意识的自适应情绪处理的框架，以培养和提高躯体的重新评价。正念的内感受觉知会让人更专注、更持久地关注内在的身体体验;同样，与情绪相关的内在感觉也会变得更加颗粒化、生动，并且可以以促进躯体重新评价的方式发生变化。学习保持内感受意识时，与正念品质的非判断和同情促进了一种体验，在这种体验中，情感，意义和记忆之间的新关联可以产生全面和综合的见解。本文中使用的临床小插曲提供这种方法在心理治疗的例子。包括一个用于正念小组的示例脚本，并建议临床医生获得更多经验。自适应情绪处理的正念内感受意识是一个临床过程，可以由一系列临床医生学习和应用，以治疗可能有利于更大的体现意识的精神和身体健康状况。
Emotions are by nature embodied, as the brain has evolved to quickly assess the emotional significance of stimuli and output signals to the body’s viscera and periphery to aid adaptive responses. Emotions involve both implicit bodily and explicit narrative processes, and patients may experience transdiagnostic distress when bodily signals are not attended to and holistically integrated with explicit narratives about experience. Similarly, therapists may be trained in more implicit body-based approaches (i.e., massage/bodywork, physical and occupational therapy, and nursing/medicine) or more explicit narrative-based approaches (i.e., psychotherapy), and may lack training in skills that integrate both levels of emotion processing to aid healing and growth. To address these gaps, we propose a framework where the bridge between implicit bodily sensations and explicit narratives lies in cultivating mindful awareness of bodily sensations associated with emotions. This process brings subjective awareness to notice inner body experience (or interoceptive awareness) that is often outside of conscious awareness, so that it may be understood and re-integrated in more adaptive ways, which we call somatic reappraisal. Using clinical theory and example vignettes, we present mindful interoceptive awareness for adaptive emotion processing as a framework to cultivate and enhance somatic reappraisal. Mindful interoceptive awareness brings more focused and sustained attention to inner body experience; likewise, internal sensations associated with emotions become more granular, vivid, and can shift in ways that facilitate somatic reappraisal. Learning to sustain interoceptive awareness when engaged with mindfulness qualities of nonjudgment and compassion promotes an experience where new associations between emotions, meanings, and memories can be made that generate insights that are holistic and integrative. A clinical vignette is used in this paper to provide examples of this approach in psychotherapy. An example script for use in mindfulness groups is included, and resources are suggested for clinicians to gain more experience. Mindful interoceptive awareness for adaptive emotion processing is a clinical process that can be learned and applied by a range of clinicians to treat mental and physical health conditions that may benefit greater embodied awareness.
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