Improving External Validity of Experimental Animal Data
Improving External Validity of Experimental Animal Data
复制标题
提高实验动物数据的外部有效性
DOI:
10.1002/9783527695881.ch4
复制
发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Macrì S
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Richter SH;Spinello C;Macrì S
A central fact of biology is that animals do vary. Laboratory animals are living beings that exhibit variation for a significant number of morphological, biochemical, physiological, and/or behavioral characteristics. Meanwhile, it is fully recognized that both genetic predispositions and the environment contribute to an individual’s phenotype, although it is still not clear how exactly they interact to shape the behavioral profile. Whereas genes may reflect the evolutionary responses of prior populations to selection on behavior and thereby create some kind of framework within which the environment acts on the individual, environmental variation may allow for adjusting to changes during the animals’ development. An animal’s phenotype can hence be regarded as the result of complex and dynamic interactions between the genotype and the environment in which an individual develops.The notion that the individual phenotype is the result of genetic and environmental influences has been supported by theoretical considerations and experimental data converging from several disciplines. For example, although psychology proposed an inextricable link between infantile experiences and adult neuroses [2], laboratory animal research provided experimental support for the notion that infantile neglect may relate to psychiatric disturbances [3]. Just as these pioneering efforts highlighted a link between adverse neonatal experiences and adult pathology, so also have other studies suggested that nurturing neonatal environments might exert constructive forces. Thus, neonatal
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影响因子:
2.9
作者:
D. Wahlsten
通讯作者:
D. Wahlsten
影响因子:
3.1
作者:
Rojahn, J;Aman, MG;Mayville, E
通讯作者:
Mayville, E
影响因子:
2.7
作者:
V. Võikar;G. Colacicco;O. Gruber;Elisabetta Vannoni;H. Lipp;D. Wolfer
通讯作者:
V. Võikar;G. Colacicco;O. Gruber;Elisabetta Vannoni;H. Lipp;D. Wolfer
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1980
期刊:
Laboratory animal science
影响因子:
--
作者:
Bellhorn Rw
通讯作者:
Bellhorn Rw
影响因子:
3.6
作者:
J. Talpos;T. Steckler
通讯作者:
T. Steckler